Nutrient up take and distribution in early ‘Isabella’ grapevines on two rootstocks and organic management

Abstract

The Brazilian viticulture is mainly characterized by the cultivation of American grapevines (Vitis labrusca L.), between them cv. Early Isabella has been outstanding, mostly for juice industry. For this cultivar, in southern Brazil one of the most rootstock employed is the ‘Paulsen1103’, however, the’ VR 043-43’ rootstock has begun to be adopted, mainly due to its tolerance to the ground-pearl root scales (Eurhizococcus brasiliensis). Coupled with the use of appropriate cultivars, it is relevant to define the adequate nutrients supply. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immobilization and exportation of nutrients in ‘Early Isabella’ grapevines grafted on two different rootstocks. The experiment was carried out in Guarapuava, Paraná State, Southern of Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with two different rootstocks: ‘Paulsen 1103’ and ´VR 043-43´, with four replications and three plants per plot. For the evaluations, Five years after planting, one plant per plot was completely removed from soil, and , then  subdivided into root, stem and canes. The remaining plants in the field were conducted until  harvest. Grapevines grafted on ‘VR 043-43’ showed higher dry mass than those grafted on ´Paulsen 1103’. It was also found that with respect to distribute nutrients was found that N proportionally in all parts of the grapevine, while K was present in greater quantities in berries and the elements P, Ca and Mg were found in larger quantities in stems and roots. Thus the annual extraction of nutrients was: 17.5 kg N ha^-1, 4.4 kg P ha^-1 , 25.3 kg K ha^-1, 15.4 kg Ca ha^-1 and 3.3 kg Mg ha^-1 for the grapevines grafted on ‘Paulsen 1103’ and the productivity estimated in 14.35 t ha^-1. For the plants grafted on ‘VR 043-43’ the annual extraction of nutrients was: 17.5 kg ha^-1 N, 5.3 kg P ha^-1, 30.2 kg ha^-1 K and 22.5 kg Ca ha^-1 and 5.4 kg Mg ha^-1 for the productivity estimated in 9.84 t ha^-1.