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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Monitoring of microbial biomass to characterise vineyard soils

Monitoring of microbial biomass to characterise vineyard soils

Abstract

Le sol est un facteur important permettant la croissance de la vigne. Les propriétés physiques et chimiques, mais aussi microbiologiques ont une influence sur beaucoup des fonctions du sol comme la structure, le drainage, la fertilité, déterminant la vigueur des plantes et le potentiel œnologique des raisins. La gestion du sol et le contrôle des mauvaises herbes (techniques chimiques ou mécaniques, enherbement, travail du sol) sont des facteurs anthropiques qui interviennent aussi. Ainsi, en Rhénanie-Palatinat (Allemagne) certains paramètres biologiques des sols viticoles sont observés dans le cadre du programme «optimiser la qualité des sols viticoles».
Dans une première partie, des échantillons de sol de vignobles différant par leurs caractéristiques physiques et chimiques et les systèmes de gestion de sol ( enherbement permanent, application d’herbicides de post-levée, labour) sont analysés en ce qui concerne les paramètres microbiologiq ues (respiration; biomasse microbienne; minéralisation d’azote sous engrais verts). Dans une deuxième partie, les résultats seront intégrés dans un système d’information géographique (SIG) et seront combinés avec d’autres données spatiales (des base de données) comme les caractéristiques physiques, chimiques et hydrologique du sol, le relief, des systèmes de gestion ou des paramètres de rendement de raisins pour établir un système de référence de qualité biologique du sol pour les vignobles.
Les résultats indiquent une différenciation claire des sites de vignoble selon des paramètres biologiques des sols. L’influence du système de gestion s’étend de très clair à non important, selon le type de sol. Les résultats de ce travail contribueront à une meilleure compréhension des facteurs déterminant la biologie du sol en la viticulture et à établir des critères de qualité du sol spécifiquement viticoles.

Indicators to characterize the quality and efficiency of vini-viticultural systems should be expanded in the point of view of a sustainable land-use. In vineyards in the Rhineland­Palatinate in Germany, soil biological parameters were analyzed to investigate effects of soil management and abiotic soil conditions on the soil environment. The results allowed a splitting of the investigated soil biological parameters into parameters to describe the effects of the management and into parameters to describe the influence of abiotic, site-related soil conditions, respectively.

 

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Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002 

Type: Article

Authors

S. REUTER, M. TRAPP and R. KUBIAK

State Education and Research Center Neustadt, Department Ecology, Breitenweg 71, D-67435 Neustadt a.d.W.

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Keywords

Sols viticoles, paramètres biologiques des sols, gestion du sol, qualité du sol, SIG
Vineyard soils, soil microbiological parameters, soil management, soil quality, GIS

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

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