Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Territorial delimitation of viticultural “Oltrepo Pavese (Lombardy)” using grape ripening precocity

Territorial delimitation of viticultural “Oltrepo Pavese (Lombardy)” using grape ripening precocity

Abstract

[English version below]

L’Oltrepò Pavese est une zone de collines de la Lombardie, région située au nord de l’Italie avec un vignoble qui s’étend sur près de 15 000 ha. Cette zone représente la plus grande aire de production de la région et une des A.O.C. les plus étendues de tout le pays. Les cépages les plus cultivés, même historiquement, sont autochtones : la Barbera et la Croatina utilisés pour la production de vin rouge «Oltrepò» et le Pinot noir pour la production de vins mousseux. Pour le zonage viticole de cette A.O.C., il a été pris en considération: le climat, les sols, les caractéristiques viti-vinicoles. L’étude pédologique effectuée sur le vignoble a permis de réaliser une carte des sols à l’échelle 1/25000. Pour l’étude viticole, il a été choisi 80 parcelles de références représentatives des sols, du climat et des conditions agronomiques. Sur toutes les parcelles pendant trois ans (1999, 2000, 2001), des données sur la production, sur la vigueur, sur la maturation et sur la composition des moûts ont été récoltées. Pendant la vendange, un échantillon représentatif de raisin a été récolté pour les microvinifications de chaque parcelle. Les vins ont été étudiés chimiquement et aussi soumis à des tests d’analyse sensorielle. L’approche multidisciplinaire a permis de caractériser l’appellation en zone adaptée à produire un vin de base Pinot noir et une zone différente plus apte à la production d’un vin rouge moderne et de qualité. Avec l’élaboration statistique des données cumulées des trois années des courbes de maturation, il a été possible de subdiviser les parcelles en classe de précocité et observer qu’avec une véraison plus précoce correspondrait aussi une meilleure accumulation des sucres au moment de la récolte. Pour les vins rouges, les facteurs influençant le plus la précocité se trouvent être l’altitude, la capacité de drainage des sols et la P.A.R., alors que pour le pinot noir l’altitude et la composition des sols jouent un rôle plus important. Des différences statistiques significatives se sont révélées sur les paramètres végétatifs, productifs et qualitatifs des moûts, sur le contenu polyphénolique du raisin et sur les profils chimiques et sensoriels des vins produits par microvinification.

Oltrepò Pavese is a hilly area of Lombardy, a region located in northern Italy with a vineyard surface of approximately 15.000 ha. It represents the widest viticultural area of all the region and one of the most extended zones of Origin’s Denomination of all the country. The mainly grown varieties, also from the historical point of view, are the autochthonous Barbera and Croatina used for the production of the Red wine Oltrepo and Pinot noir used for the sparkling wine. For the viticultural zoning of the area, climate, soils, viticulture and enological properties have been characterised. The pedological survey carried out in the vineyards allowed to produce a soil map on a scale of 1 :25.000. For the viticultural survey, 80 trial sites, representative of the soil, climate and agronomic condition have been chosen. In all the site for three years (’99, ’00 and 2001) grapevine yield, vegetative growth, maturation curves and must composition were detected. At vintage, an adequate grape sample was gathered for microvinification. Wines were evaluated both by chemical and sensorial analysis. A multidisciplinary approach allowed to characterise the area in different zones adapted to produce sparkling Pinot noir wine and in zones of different suitability in order to produce a modern style premium red wine. By a statistical data processing of the three years maturation curves it was possible to subdivide the vineyards in precocity classes and to observe that an earlier veraison generally corresponded also to an high sugar accumulation at the moment of grape harvest. For red wines the mainly influencing factors regarding the precocity turned out to be altitude, the soil ability to water-drainage and the P.A.R. availability (photosynthetically active radiation) while for Pinot noir altitude and soil texture played the most important role. Statistical significant differences in growth, yield and quality have been found on musts composition, on polyphenols content of the grapes and on the chemical and sensorial profile of wines produced by microvinifications.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

Brancadoro L., Toninato L., Tamai G., Failla O., Peluso F., Mariani L., Minelli R., Scienza A.

Université di Milano – Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale – Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy

Contact the author

Keywords

analyse sensorielle, capacité de drainage, courbes de maturation, microvinification, P.A.R.
maturation curves, microvinifications, P.A.R., sensorial analysis, water-drainage

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Extreme canopy management for vineyard adaptation to climate change: is it a good idea?

Climate change constitutes an enormous challenge for humankind and for all human activities, viticulture not being an exception. Long-term strategic changes are probably needed the most, but growers also need to deal with short-term changes: summers that are getting progressively warmer, earlier harvest dates and higher pH in musts and wines. In the last 10-15 years, a relevant corpus of research is being developed worldwide in order to evaluate to which extent extreme canopy management operations, aimed at reducing leaf area and, thus, limiting the source to sink ratio, could be useful to delay ripening. Although extreme canopy management can result in relevant delays in harvest dates, longer term studies, as well as detailed analysis of their implications on carbohydrate reserves, bud fertility and future yield are desirable before these practices can be recommended.

Climate, Viticulture, and Wine … my how things have changed!

The planet is warmer than at any time in our recorded past and increasing greenhouse emissions and persistence in the climate system means that continued warming is highly likely. Climate change has already altered the basic framework of growing grapes for wine production worldwide and will likely continue to do so for years to come. The wine sector can continue to play an important role in leading the agricultural sector in addressing climate change. From developing on…

VINIoT – Precision viticulture service

The project VINIoT pursues the creation of a new technological vineyard monitoring service, which will allow companies in the wine sector in the SUDOE space to monitor plantations in real time and remotely at various levels of precision. The system is based on spectral images and an IoT architecture that allows assessing parameters of interest viticulture and the collection of data at a precise scale (level of grape, plant, plot or vineyard) will be designed. In France, three subjects were specifically developed: evaluation of maturity, of water stress, and detection of flavescence dorée. For the evaluation of maturity, it has been decided first to work at the berry scale in the laboratory, then at the bunch scale and finally in the vineyard. The acquisition of the spectral hyperstal image as well as the reference analyzes to measure the maturity, were carried out in the laboratory after harvesting the berries in a maturity monitoring context. This work focuses on a case study to predict sugar content of three different grape varieties: Syrah, Fer Servadou and Mauzac. A robust method called Roboost-PLSR, developed in the framework of this work (Courand et al., 2022), to improve prediction model performance was applied on spectra after the acquirement of hyperspectral images. Regarding the evaluation of water stress, to work with a significant variability in terms of water status, it has been worked first with potted plants under 2 different water regimes. The facilities have allowed the supervision of irrigation and micro-climatic conditions. The regression models on agronomic variables (stomatal conductance, water potential, …) are studied. To detect flavescence dorée, the experimental plan has consisted of work at leaf scale in the laboratory first, and then in the field. To detect the disease from hyper-spectral imaging, a combination of multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) and factorial discriminant analysis (FDA) was proposed. This strategy proved the potential towards the discrimination of healthy and infected leaves by flavescence dorée based on the use of hyperspectral images (Mas Garcia et al., 2021).

A predictive model of spatial Eca variability in the vineyard to support the monitoring of plant status

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.19.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" module_font_size="16px" text_orientation="center"...

Legacy of land-cover changes on soil erosion and microbiology in Burgundian vineyards

Soils in vineyards are recognized as complex agrosystems whose characteristics reflect complex interactions between natural factors (lithology, climate, slope, biodiversity) and human activities. To date, most of the unknown lies in an incomplete understanding of soil ecosystems, and specifically in the microbial biodiversity even though soil microbiota is involved in many key functions, such as nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. Soil biological properties are indicative of soil quality. Therefore, understanding how soil communities are related to soil ecosystem functioning is becoming an essential issue for soil strategy conservation. Here, we propose to assess the importance of land-cover history on the present-day microbiological and physico-chemical properties. The studied area was selected in the Burgundian vineyards (Pernand-Vergelesses, Burgundy, France) where land occupation has been reconstructed over the last 40 years. Soil samples were collected in five areas reflecting various land cover history (forest, vineyards, shifting from forest to vineyards). For each area, physico-chemical parameters (pH, C, N, P, grain size) were measured and DNA was extracted to characterize the abundance and diversity of microbial communities. The obtained results show significant differences in the five areas suggesting that present-day microbial molecular biomass and bacterial taxonomic is partly inherited from past land occupation. Over longer period of time, such study of land-uses legacies may help to better assess ecosystem recovery and the impact of management practices for a better soil quality and vineyards sustainability.