terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Evaluation of uhph treatment as an alternative to heat treatment prior to the use of proteolytic enzymes on must to achieve protein stability in wine

Evaluation of uhph treatment as an alternative to heat treatment prior to the use of proteolytic enzymes on must to achieve protein stability in wine

Abstract

There are currently enzyme preparations on the market with specific protease activities capable of degrading unstable must proteins and preventing turbidity in white and rosé wines. The main drawback is the need to heat the must at 75ºc for 1-2 minutes to denature the proteins and facilitate enzyme action. The aim of this study is to test whether ultra high pressure homogenisation (uhph) of the must is able to cause the proteins to lose their upper structures and unfold, and thus replace this heat treatment. A white must of the verdejo variety was treated by uhph at 300 mpa and the same must unprocessed by uhph (control must) was included in the study. Different combined treatments (uhph/no uhph, enzyme/no enzyme, tª+enzyme/no tª+enzyme) were programmed with the aim of creating different scenarios to identify the best solution to avoid protein haze and enhance the sensory properties of the wine. All treatments were evaluated in triplicate. In addition to physico-chemical characterisation of the starting must (colour, ipt, ph, fermentable sugars, nfa), wine turbidity, colour, ipt, ph, alcohol content, volatile profile and a protein stability test were analysed to check the effectiveness of the treatments. The results show that uhph treatment is a good alternative to heat treatment of the must when protein haze is to be avoided by using proteolytic enzymes, and without negative sensory impact on wine.

Evaluación del tratamiento uhph como alternativa al tratamiento térmico previo al empleo de enzimas proteolíticas sobre el mosto para lograr la estabilidad proteica del vino

Actualmente existen en el mercado preparados enzimáticos con actividades proteasas específicas capaces de degradar las proteínas inestables del mosto y prevenir el enturbiamiento de vinos blancos y rosados. El principal inconveniente es la necesidad de calentar el mosto a 75ºc durante 1-2 minutos para desnaturalizar las proteínas y facilitar la actuación de las enzimas. El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si la homogeneización por ultra altas presiones (uhph) del mosto es capaz de provocar que las proteínas pierdan sus estructuras superiores y se desplieguen, y de este modo reemplazar dicho tratamiento térmico. Se trató un mosto blanco de la variedad verdejo por uhph a 300 mpa y se incluyó en el estudio el mismo mosto sin procesar por uhph (mosto control). Se programaron distintos tratamientos combinados entre sí (uhph/no uhph, enzima/no enzima, tª+enzima/no tª+enzima) con el objetivo de crear distintos escenarios que permitieran identificar la mejor solución para evitar las quiebras proteicas y potenciar las propiedades sensoriales del vino. Todos los tratamientos se evaluaron por triplicado. Además de caracterizar físico-químicamente el mosto de partida (color, ipt, ph, azúcares fermentiscibles, nfa), se analizó la turbidez del vino, el color, el ipt, el ph, el grado alcohólico, el perfil de volátiles y se llevó a cabo un test de estabilidad proteica para comprobar la efectividad de los tratamientos. Los resultados demuestran que el tratamiento por uhph es una buena alternativa al tratamiento térmico del mosto cuando se pretenden evitar las quiebras proteicas empleando enzimas proteolíticas, y sin repercusión negativa a nivel sensorial.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Iris Loira¹, James Walsh¹, Carlos Escott², Juan Manuel del Fresno³, María Antonia Bañuelos⁴, Carmen González³, Antonio Morata³

¹ Dept. Chemistry and Food Technology, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2, Madrid, Spain
² Dept. Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
³ EnotecUPM, Dept. Chemistry and Food Technology, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2, Madrid, Spain
⁴ EnotecUPM, Dept. Biotechnology, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avd. Puerta de Hierro, 2, Madrid, Spain

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Towards understanding the mechanisms of resistance to grapevine Flavescence dorée

Flavescence dorée (FD) is a very serious grapevine disease, classified as quarantine in europe, where it appeared in the middle of the last century. It is associated with the presence of phytoplasmas, transmitted in the vineyard by a leafhopper of american origin, scaphoideus titanus. FD causes severe wine production losses and often leads to plant death. There are currently no alternative solutions to insecticide treatments against the vector and uprooting diseased vines.

Egg allergens in wine. Validation of a new automated method for ovalbumin quantification

Ovalbumin (ova), a natural clarifying protein, is particularly suitable for clarifying red wines. It helps improve the tannic and polyphenolic stability of the wine by removing the most astringent tannins and contributing to soften and refine the structure. Ova binds to suspended particles, proteins, polysaccharides, and, to a lesser extent, tannins through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, forming large complexes that can be removed from the wine through fining and/or filtration before bottling.

Chemical affinity and binding capacity between pre-purified Cabernet-Sauvignon/Merlot anthocyanins and salivary proteins monitored by UHPLC Q-ToF MS analysis

Apart from pro(antho)cyanidins and tannins, other phenolic compounds in wine or grapes have been shown to interact with salivary proteins and may contribute to overall sensory in-mouth sensations [1, 2]. Anthocyanins are the dominant phenolics in red wine and grape skin [3] , so it is expected that they come into contact and interact with salivary proteins after ingestion.

Pierce’s disease of grapevines, a new threat to the wine industry in Southern Europe

Pierce’s disease (PD) is considered a potential threat to european viticulture (EPPO a2 list of pathogens since 1981). In the usa, infections caused by the vector-borne bacterium xylella fastidiosa have caused recurrent damage to vineyards in California and the southeastern states. However, vineyards in Europe have remained free of PD until recently, when it was first detected on the island of Mallorca in 2017. The reasons for the absence of PD in continental Europe have not been convincingly explained.