Bioclimatic zoning of Argentinean Malbec grape production
Winegrape production is largely controlled by climate conditions. Identifying how climate conditions impact on vine allows for identifying the suitability of a specific variety for a given region. Given the relevance of the Malbec wine production in Argentina, this study is devoted to derive a Unique Combined Index (UCI) for assessing the suitability of Malbec grape production (MGP) in Argentina.
Temperature variability at local scale in a mountain vineyard
Over the past ten years, climate studies at local scale have been developed in winegrowing areas to improve terroir characterization. In this project, such a study was undertaken in the mountain vineyard of Irouleguy in cooperation with the local cooperative cellar. A network of 31 temperature sensors has been set up inside the region at the beginning of the 2016 vintage.
Exploring grapevine genetic diversity to feed breeding programs to sustain wine viticulture facing warming issues
Genotype x Environment x Practices interactions exert a tight tuning on wine profile. To maintain the typicality of wine produced in traditional regions becomes a critical challenge in the context of rapid climate changes. While some practices may reduce adverse effects of abiotic stresses on the vine (e.g. the use of watering to maintain photosynthesis), the impacts of high temperature stresses on berry development are more difficult to manage.
Selection of Vitis vinifera L. intraspecific hybrids for obtaining wines with high phenolic content
Monastrell is the most extended variety in the South east of Spain. One of our strategies for improving its wines consists in selecting intraspecific hybrids arising from crosses between Monastrell and other high quality varieties, such as Cabernet Sauvignon, looking for those well adapted to our conditions, with a high polyphenol content and a high phenolic extractability, in order to produce highly colored wines.
Characterization of different South American varieties: yield, berry maturity and wine composition
Autochthonous varieties, called ‘criollas’, are highly cultivated in South America. For instance, in Peru or Chile they are used for making Pisco. In Argentina, they represent 33% of the grapevine cultivated area.
Simple trait measurements across rootstock genotypes indicates performance as field grown, grafted vines
CSIRO rootstock breeding aims to provide industry with enhanced material to meet challenges associated with the Australian environment, future climate scenarios (high temperatures, limited water supply and drought) and soil-borne pests (phylloxera and root knot nematodes). In this study, analysis of results from three long term field trials with Shiraz grafted on genotypes from a single family involving Vitis cineria, V. champini, V. riparia and V. rupestris has shown that vine performance and fruit composition can be linked to simple traits, measured on field grown ungrafted seedlings or as ungrafted or grafted nursery grown plants.
Differential expression of susceptible and tolerant grape cultivars on black rot infection
The ascomycota fungus Guignardia bidwellii, responsible for the black rot disease of grapevine is causing increasing damages in Hungary especially in organic vineyards without chemical disease management.
Vines with low inputs for quality wines: what results and what perspectives for the French vineyard?
Tolerance to fungi has been the subject of recent programs in France since the 1970s(A. Bouquet, INRA Montpellier). The objective of these programs, initiated from Muscadinia rotundifolia and based on 5 to 6 backcrosses with different Vitis vinifera varieties, was to approach the profile of V. vinifera to be combined with a strong resistance to powdery and downy mildews from Muscadinia
Classification of wine grape cultivars according to their susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea: importance of fruit maturity
Botrytis cinerea causes one of the most serious diseases in grapevines namely Botrytis Bunch Rot (BBR). A classification of different grapevine cultivars (cvs.) according to their susceptibility to B. cinerea is an essential management indicator in Integrated Pest Management. Although such classifications are available, they are based mostly on professional experience rather than experimental results.
The potential for using under-vine cover crops as an alternative to herbicides in cool climate vineyards
Six multi-year, replicated field experiments were conducted to investigate the potential of under-vine cover crops to replace herbicide use in vigorous vinifera vineyards in the Finger Lakes region of New York State.
Anthocyanin and trans-resveratrol accumulation is associated with abscisic acid and methyl jasmonic acid in berry skin of Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Malbec, Bonarda, Syrah, Cabernet-Sauvignon, and Pinot noir
Red grapes contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds, known to contribute to wine quality and to provide important health benefits. Berry skin phenolics can be elicited by plant hormones. The aim of this work was to increase the content of anthocyanins and trans-resveratrol in five red varieties cultured in Argentina: Malbec (M), Bonarda (B), Syrah (S), Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), and Pinot Noir (PN), in two different growing regions: Santa Rosa (SR) and Valle de Uco (VU), by applying a post-veraison hormonal treatment with abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA).
Vineyard water status assessment by non-destructive, proximal, NIR spectroscopy
Assessing and mapping the spatial variability of vine water status within vineyards constitute a major challenge. An effective sampling system, capable of providing a large amount of accurate observations, is needed to define accurate irrigation decision-making.
Harvest ripeness level has a larger effect than leaf removal on grape and wine quality in cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon from Maipo Valley
The effect of fruit zone leaf removal and harvest maturity level was studied in a commercial Cabernet-Sauvignon vineyard in the Maule Valley (Chile) during three growing seasons from 2013/2014 to 2015/2016.
Novel and low-cost approach to estimate light radiation inside a canopy
The impact of different canopy systems and viticultural management practices on fruit exposure have been widely investigated, and the potential impact of microclimate on fruit composition is well recognised.
Combined effect of berry density and harvest date on the accumulation of phenolic compounds during ripening of “Italia” table grape cultivar
In the last years, consumers are increasingly demanding for healthy foods. Table grapes are considered an important source of bioactive compounds and therefore their availability in the market should last as long as possible while preserving the phenolic quality.
Yield impacts on the concentration of aroma precursors in grapevine berries (Vitis vinifera L.)
Volatile aroma compounds in grapes are found either as free and as glycoconjugated molecule. Glycosylated aroma precursors belong mainly to four compounds families: non terpenic alcohols, phenols, terpenes and norisoprenoids.
Characterization of the winegrowers of the major wine regions of Bolivia
This paper performs the characterization of the winegrowers of the major wine regions of Bolivia, -Central Valley of Tarija and the Canyon of Cintis- starting by identifying key features and technical differences in both study areas, then building typologies of the main viticultural systems and at the end assessing their sustainability.
Territorial transformations of the north oasis perceived by vine growers: An approach from the irrigation water
This work is part of the INTA-COVIAR project Analysis of the social capital of the vine growers of the Northern Oasis of Mendoza: impact on the territory and spatial planning. One of the goals of this study is to know the perception of the territorial transformations and their impact on viticultural activity, for which the bourdiano social capital approach was used.
The biological triptych: A method of thought
Most of reasoning is based on a binary or dualistic exchange. But each relation between two is, either related to another one or a context, or submitted to a regulating feed-back. Therefore it is proposed to systematically reason on a basis of three elements (triptych), as the human brain, place of our thought, is also structured in three encased elements: the ‘proto-reptilian’, ‘paleo-mammalian’, ‘neo-mammalian’ brains (Mc Lean, 2006, in L. Tonielli, 2015). Ten examples are analyzed to show the universality and the interest of a ‘triptych’.
Bio-metaethics viticulture proposed by the GiESCO
Concerning sustainable Viticultures, the GiESCO notices the current confusion around the notions of:
– ‘integrated’ Viticulture which does not clearly set itself apart of classical so-called ‘reasoned’ Viticulture and involves series of certifications which are distinguishable with difficulty,
– ‘agro-ecological’ Viticulture which adds important elements of sustainability to ‘integrated’ Viticulture, without clarifying really the latter,
– ‘organic’ Viticulture which leans on some unbearable principles such as the opposition between chemical or natural products, with besides a frequent recourse to copper-products,
– ‘biodynamic Viticulture’ which recommends environment-friendly methods, but for very not scientifically verified.