L’évolution des Appellations d’Origine aux Etats-Unis

An appellation or geographic indication should be based on the terroir concept in order to ensure its integrity. The delimitation of viticultural terroirs must include two consecutive or parallel steps, namely (a) the characterisation of the environment and identification of homogenous environmental units (basic terroir units, natural terroir units) taking all natural factors into account, as well as (b) the characterisation of the viticultural and oenological potential of these units over time.

Global warning increases evaporative demand and accelerates grapevine phenology. As a consequence, the ripening phase shifts to warmer and drier periods. This results in lower acidity and higher sugar levels in berries, yielding too alcoholic wines with altered organoleptic properties. Agrivoltaics, which combines crop and renewable energy production on the same land using photovoltaic panels, emerged as a promising innovation to counteract these impacts by partially shading the plants.

In Enology the conventional processes of filtration for clarification and stabilization are giving place to alternative membrane processes, including nanofiltration (NF). Furthermore, the increased alcohol content in wines recorded in recent years became an important issue for all the main wine producing countries. Among techniques available to the wine industry to reduce the ethanol content, NF is certainly one of the newest. This study is focused on the evaluation of NF influence on wine physical-chemical composition, including mineral content, which in accordance to our best knowledge is a novelty.

Sulfur dioxide is widely used during winemaking as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. Bisulfite (HSO3−), the predominant form of SO2 at wine pH, reacts with several wine components forming sulfonated adducts.

The ambition of the zonation of the Doc “Sangiovese di Romagna” is described as 25 siti sperimentali, aventi diversa origine geologica, in cui è stato individuato un vigneto omogeneo per la determinazione dei principali parametri viticoli ed enologici. In seguito è stato analizzato il contentto di stilbeni nei vini al fine di indepth il legame con le charatteristiche geopedologiche. The studio describes the positive relationship between the altitude and the content of the trans -piceide nelle province di Forlì and Ravenna and of the trans -resveratrolo a Ravenna. I suoli con maggiore calcare attivo hanno fornito vini più ricchi in stilbeni.