Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Definition of functional indicators of the vine to characterize wine terroirs

Definition of functional indicators of the vine to characterize wine terroirs

Abstract

La caractérisation des terroirs viticoles est traditionnellement basée sur des descripteurs de la géologie et de la pédologie des différents milieux rencontrés, couplées à des données climatiques. Cette approche peut être efficacement complétée par une description fonctionnelle, basée sur des indicateurs d’état de la vigne. Les facteurs du milieu (somme de température, alimentation hydrique, richesse minérale … ) déterminent la phénologie et le niveau des productions végétales. Mais la connaissance des caractéristiques du milieu ne permet pas a priori de repérer la combinaison effectivement déterminante. Le potentiel d’un vignoble est évalué sur le produit final: la baie de raisin, et non par la seule caractérisation physique du sol (méthode nécessaire mais pas suffisante). L’utilisation de variables intermédiaires entre les facteurs du milieu et la caractérisation des raisins permet une meilleure appréciation des terroirs.
Nous proposons trois indicateurs pouvant servir à l’exploration de la qualité au sein d’une appellation: l’abondance en 13C naturel des sucres pour l’estimation de la contrainte hydrique, le dosage de l’azote dans les feuilles et les moûts pour l’estimation de la contrainte azotée, le poids de bois de taille directement relié à la surface foliaire (relations allométriques ), pour l’estimation de la vigueur de la plante. L’objectif est de disposer d’outils rapides et faciles d’accès, contribuant à une cartdgraphie fonctionnelle du vignoble. Ces outils permettent d’étudier la part prise par les différents facteurs impliqués dans la constitution de la qualité de la baie de raisin, au cours d’un cycle végétatif, pour le terroir considéré.

Characterization of terroirs is traditionally based on descriptors of the geology and pedology of various soils surrounding, coupled to climatic data. This approach can effectively be supplemented by a functional description, based on indicators of statè of the vineyard. The factors of the environment (thermal time, water availability, mineral richness … ) fix the phenology and the level of the productions. But the knowledge of the characteristics of the environment does not a priori allow to track down the effectively determining combination.
The potential of a vineyard is evaluated on the end product: the grape berry, and not by the only physics characterization of the soils (necessary but not sufficient method). The use of intermediate variables between the factors of the environment and the characterization of the grapes allows a better appreciation of the soils.

We propose three indicators being able to be used for the browsing of quality within, an appelation: the abundance in natural 13C of sugars for the estimate of the water restriction, the measurement of the amount of nitrogen in leaves and musts for estimate of the nitrogenous constraint, the pruning weights directly linked to the leaf aera (allometric relations), for estimate of the vigor of the plant. The objective is to have fast and easily accessible tools, contributing to a functional cartography of the vineyard. These tools make possible to study the share of the various factors implicated in the constitution of the grape berry quality, during a vegetative cycle, for the terroir considered.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

GOUTOULY, J.-P. (1), SOYER, J.-P. (1), VAN LEEUWEN C. (2) and GAUDILLERE J.-P (1)

(1) INRA-AGRONOMIE, Ecophysiologie & Agronomie Viticole, 71, avenue Edouard Bourleaux – B.P.81 33883 Villenave d’Ornon cedex
(2) ENITA de Bordeaux, 1 cours du Général de Gaulle, BP 201, 33175 Gradignan cedex

Keywords

Vigne, déficit hydrique, discriminations isotopique, ?C13, biomasse, alimentation azotée, sol, terroir
Vine, water deficit, isotope discrimination,? C13, biomass, nitrogen supply, soil, terroir

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Phenolic composition profile of cv. Tempranillo wines obtained from severe shoot pruning vines under semiarid conditions

One of the limitations of vineyards in warm areas is the loss of wine quality due to higher temperatures during the grape ripening period. In order to adapt the vineyards to these new climatic conditions, a possible solution is to delay the ripening process of the grapes towards periods with milder temperatures, by means of management practices and thus improve the quality of the fruit and the wine produced. The technique of severe shoot pruning (SSP) has proven useful in achieving this objective.

Bentonite fining in cold wines: prediction tests, reduced efficiency and possibilities to avoid additional fining treatments

Bentonite fining is widely used to prevent protein haze in white wines. Most wineries use laboratory-scale fining trials to define the appropriate amount of bentonite to be used in the cellar. Those pre-tests need to mimic as much as possible the industrial scale fining procedure to determine the exact amount of bentonite necessary for protein stability. Nevertheless it is frequent that, after fining with the recommended amount of bentonite, wines appear still unstable and need an additional fining treatment. It remains a major challenge to understand why the same wine, fined with the same dosage of the same bentonite, achieves stability in the lab, but not in the cellar.

CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID RED WINE COLOR IN RELATION TO ANTHOCYANIN PROFILE AND CHEMICAL COLOR PARAMETERS

Interspecific hybrid winegrapes are of growing interest in the context of climate change based on their disease resistance and cold hardiness. In addition to a need for increased understanding of their chemical composition, there is little empirical evidence on the consumer perception of non-vinifera wine. Phenolic compounds, and particularly color, play an important organoleptic and quality determination role in wine, but can vary significantly in interspecific hybrid wines compared to wines produced from Vitis vinifera cultivars [1, 2, 3]. Anecdotally, the variation in anthocyanin species, interactions, and concentrations in interspecific hybrids could result in a variance from“vinifera-like” wine color.

Soil and Climate Interactions with Grapevines

To test the hypothesis that soil type plays a minor role relative to that of vine vigor in the determination of yield, fruit composition and wine sensory attributes, 5 Chardonnay vineyards in the Niagara

Learning from remote sensing data: a case study in the Trentino region 

Recent developments in satellite technology have yielded a substantial volume of data, providing a foundation for various machine learning approaches. These applications, utilizing extensive datasets, offer valuable insights into Earth’s conditions. Examples include climate change analysis, risk and damage assessment, water quality evaluation, and crop monitoring. Our study focuses on exploiting satellite thermal and multispectral imaging, and vegetation indexes, such as NDVI, in conjunction with ground truth information about soil type, land usage (forest, urban, crop cultivation), and irrigation water sources in the Trentino region in North-East of Italy.