Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Climat-roche-sol-fromage. Cartographie fonctionnelle du terroir. Exemple de l’A.O.C. Comté

Climat-roche-sol-fromage. Cartographie fonctionnelle du terroir. Exemple de l’A.O.C. Comté

Abstract

La place prépondérante que prend le Massif Jurassien en Franche-Comté confère à la région un caractère montagneux qui a orienté l’agriculture vers l’élevage laitier. Cette vocation pastorale marquée et de rudes conditions climatiques sont à l’origine de la production, attestée depuis l’Antiquité, d’un fromage de réserve pour la longue période hivernale. Cette tradition fromagère, liée à des prairies naturelles, a perduré jusqu’à nos jours. La qualité et la spécificité du produit actuel, le fromage de Comté, ont été reconnues dès 1952 par l’attribution d’un label et dès 1958, par la reconnaissance d’un périmètre d’appellation d’origine contrôlée, l’A.O.C. Comté (fig. 1). Le Comté est fabriqué à partir d’un cahier des charges très strict garantissant son caractère naturel et sa typicité. Par opposition à d’autres fromages du même type à pâte pressée cuite, l’utilisation de lait cru est garante d’une richesse aromatique marquée à l’origine d’une palette gustative variée. L’existence de fromages au goût spécifique n’est pas nouvelle : une enquête faisant appel à la mémoire collective de la filière Comté a permis de dégager des zones de cru potentiel (Bloc, 1991). Cette variabilité est un atout à la condition que la reconnaissance d’entités de goût spatialisées (crus) puisse être validée, c’est à dire vérifiée et rattachée à une identité naturelle ou terroir, depuis longtemps imposée en viticulture (Morlat, 1995).

DOI:

Publication date: April 11, 2022

Type: Poster

Issue: Terroir 1996

Authors

J.C. MONNET (1), M. GAIFFE (1), F. BERODIER (2)

(1) Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Sciences Végétales et Pédologie, 2 Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex
(2) Comité Interprofessionnel du Gruyère de Comté (C.I.G.C.), Avenue de la Résistance, B.P. 26, 39801 Poligny Cedex

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 1996

Citation

Related articles…

Research on the origin and the side effects of chitosan stabilizing properties in wine

Fungal chitosan is a polysaccharide made up of glucosamine and N-acetyl-glucosamine and derived from chitin-glucan of Aspergillus niger or Agaricus bisporus. Fungal chitosan has been authorized as an antiseptic agent in wine since 2009 (OIV) and in organic wine in 2018. At the maximum dose of 10g/hl, it was shown to eliminate Brettanomyces bruxellensis, the main spoilage agent in red wines. Fungal chitosan is highly renewable, biocompatible (ADI equivalent to sucrose) and non-allergenic. However, winemakers often prefer to use sulfites (SO2), though sulfites are classified as priority food allergens, than chitosan. Indeed, many conflicting reports exist regarding its efficiency and its side effects towards beneficial wine microorganisms or wine taste. These contradictions could be explained by the heterogeneity of the fungal chitosan lots traded, the diversity of the wines (chemical composition, winemaking process), but also, by the recently highlighted huge genetic diversity prevailing in wine microbial species.

Application of organic carbon status indicators on vineyard soils: the case study of DOC Piave (Veneto region, Italy)

According to the Kyoto Protocol objectives, it’s necessary to identify alternative carbon dioxide sinks, and vineyard soils could be a significant opportunity.

Interactions of wine polyphenols with dead or living Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Cells and Cell Walls: polyphenol location by microscopy

Tannin, anthocyanins and their reaction products play a major role in the quality of red wines. They contribute to their sensory characteristics, particularly colour and astringency. Grape tannins and anthocyanins are extracted during red wine fermentation. However, their concentration and composition change over time, due to their strong chemical reactivity1. It is also well known that yeasts influence the wine phenolic content, either through the release of metabolites involved in the formation of derived pigments1, or through polyphenol adsorption2,3.

Influence of preflowering basal leaf removal on aromatic composition of cv. Tempranillo wine from semiarid climate (Extremadura Western Spain)

Abstract In this work the effects of early leaf removal performed manually at preflowering phenological stage, on the volatile composition of Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L.) wines were studied. From 2009-2011 vintages 34 wine volatile compounds were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) where early leaf removal only modified 25 of them. The total C6 compounds, acetates and volatiles acids (with exception of isobutyric acid) were affected by defoliation, whereas alcohols and esters showed a minor effect. Furthermore the vintage effect also was shown.

Simplifying the measurement of different forms of cu in wines and strategies for efficient removal

Copper (Cu) is known to substantially impact wine stability through oxidative, reductive or colloidal phenomena. Recent work has shown that Cu exists predominantly in a sulfide-bound form, which may act as a potential source of sulfidic off-odours in wine and hence contribute to reductive flavours