terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Grapevine xylem embolism resistance spectrum reveals which varieties have a lower mortality risk in a future dry climate

Grapevine xylem embolism resistance spectrum reveals which varieties have a lower mortality risk in a future dry climate

Abstract

Wine-growing regions have recently faced intense and frequent droughts that have led to substantial economical losses, and the maintenance of grapevine productivity under warmer and drier climates will rely notably on planting drought-resistant cultivars. Given that plant growth and yield depend on water transport efficiency and maintenance of photosynthesis, thus on the preservation of the vascular system integrity during drought, a better understanding of drought-related hydraulic traits that have a significant impact on physiological processes is urgently needed. We have worked towards this end by assessing vulnerability to xylem embolism in 30 grapevine commercial varieties encompassing red and white Vitis vinifera varieties, hybrid varieties characterized by a polygenic resistance for powdery and downy mildew, and commonly used rootstocks. These analyses further allowed a global assessment of wine regions with respect to their varietal diversity and resulting vulnerability to stem embolism. Hybrid cultivars displayed the highest vulnerability to embolism, while rootstocks showed the greatest resistance. Significant variability also arose among Vitis vinifera varieties, with Ψ12 and Ψ50 values ranging from -0.4 to -2.7 MPa and from -1.8 to -3.4 MPa, respectively. Cabernet franc, Chardonnay and Ugni blanc featured among the most vulnerable varieties while Pinot noir, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon ranked among the most resistant. In consequence, wine regions bearing a significant proportion of vulnerable varieties, such as Poitou-Charentes, France and Marlborough, New Zealand, turned out to be at greater risk under drought. These results highlight that grapevine varieties may not respond equally to warmer and drier conditions, outlining the importance to consider hydraulic traits associated with plant drought tolerance into breeding programmes and modeling simulations of grapevine yield maintenance under severe drought. They finally represent a step forward to advise the wine industry about which varieties and regions would have the lowest risk of drought-induced mortality under climate change.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: May 31, 2022

Issue: Terclim 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Laurent J. Lamarque1,2, Chloé E.L. Delmas3, Guillaume Charrier4, Régis Burlett1, Ninon Dell’acqua3, Jérôme Pouzoulet5, Gregory A. Gambetta5 and Sylvain Delzon1

1Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Pessac, France
2Département des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université du Québec, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
3SAVE, INRAE, BSA, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
4INRAE, PIAF, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
5EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author

Keywords

drought, Vitis, hydraulics, P50, regions at risk, ontogeny

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terclim 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Intravarietal diversity: an opportunity for climate change adaptation

Merlot grapevine is the second wine cultivar most planted in the world and especially in the Bordeaux wine region. This cultivar has many advantages in producing high quality wine; however, in the last decade, climate change has increased the sugar concentration in berries at harvest and shortened the maturation cycle. If this has been up to now a great opportunity to improve wine quality profile, we are touching the tipping point. High sugar concentration at harvest induces high alcool content in wine which can negatively impact wine quality. There are many viticultural and oenological practices possible to limit this effect. In this study we focus on plant material through intra-varietal diversity of Merlot cultivar.

Read More

Inert gases persistence in wine storage tank blanketing

It is common to find tanks in the winery with wine below their capacity due to wine transfers between tanks of different capacities or the interruption of operations for periods of a few days. This situation implies the existence of an ullage space in the tank with prolonged contact with the wine causing its absorption/oxidation. Oxygen uptake from the air headspace over the wine due to differences in the partial pressure of O2 can be rapid, up to 1.5 mL of O2 per liter of wine in one hour and 100 cm2 of surface area1 and up to saturation after 4 hours.

Read More

Evaluating Smoke Contaminants in Wine Using 13C-Labelled Barley as a Fuel Source

Wildfires are becoming more common in many areas of the world that are also associated with wine grape production, especially the Pacific northwest United States, Australia and even some areas of France.

Read More

Sustainability and resilience in the wine sector

Resilience and sustainability are two fundamental concepts in the sustainable development of the wine sector, being closely interconnected.

Read More

French wine sector facing climate change (part. 1): A national strategy built on a foresight and participatory approach

A foresight study was carried out by a group of experts from INRAE, universities, INAO and FranceAgriMer from 2014 as part of the multidisciplinary “laccave” project intended to anticipate climate change in the French wine industry. The initial objective was to initiate an interdisciplinary dialogue between researchers and to feed their questions in a more systemic way. The scenario development method made it possible to build possible futures for the wine sector in the face of climate change. It began by drafting four adaptation strategies, combining different possible intensities of innovation and relocation of the vineyard.

Read More