Characterization of non-cultivated wild grapevines in Extremadura (Spain)
Abstract
Several Eurasian wild grapevine populations were found along Extremadura region (southwestern Spain). For conservation and study, one individual from four different populations (named L1, L2, L5 and L6) was vegetatively propagated and planted at Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias Finca La Orden (CICYTEX), Badajoz. The aim of the present work was to characterize those conserved individuals from four different populations based on both an ampelographic description and a molecular analysis. Three vines per individual were studied. The ampelographic characterization was carried out according to 84 OIV descriptors from the list for grape varieties and Vitis species (2001). The genetic study, which includes a set of 13 microsatellite loci and 240 nuclear SNP data, was performed using total genomic DNA extracted from young leaves. Sexual organs (OIV 151) observed in L1 had fully developed stamens and reduced gynoecium (note 2) while L2, L5 and L6 were female (note 4). Attending berry size (OIV 220 and 221) two groups were found: (i) very short and narrow (1) in L5 and L6, and (ii) medium (3/5) in L2. Consequently, mean berry weight was larger in L2 (1.05 g) than in the other populations (< 0.5 g). Regarding the seeds (4 replicates of n = 100), their length was very short for all population except L2 (OIV 242). The wide/length coefficient of seeds was around 0.7 for L5 and L6 and significant lower in L2. The genetic study found four different genotypes. All of them were unique among the about 3000 genotypes existing in the ICVV-SNP database. The genetic structure analysis identified as Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) (membership Q value > 0.9) the individuals from populations L5 and L6, while L2 corresponds most probably to Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera (cultivated). Future studies on the evaluation of grapes and wines will help to better understand the potential oenological application of the wild grapevines characterized in this work.
Acknowledgements: We would like to express our gratitude to Miguel Lara (IFAPA, Rancho de la Merced, Jeréz de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain) for the help with the ampelographic description.
This research was financially supported by Junta de Extremadura with European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) co-funding, through projects IB18102, GR21196 (Research Group AGA001), and AGROS at CICYTEX. L. Martín was supported by the DOC-INIA 2015 Program (Agencia Estatal de Investigación e Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. Spain).
DOI:
Issue: ICGWS 2023
Type: Poster
Authors
1 Centro Universitario Santa Ana – Almendralejo (Badajoz). Spain
2 Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias Finca La Orden-Valdesequera. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). Guadajira (Badajoz). Spain
3 Instituto Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (CICYTEX). Badajoz. Spain
4 Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino (ICVV). Logroño. Spain
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Keywords
ampelography, microsatellites, SNP, Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Heg