terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Unveiling a hidden link: does time hold the key to altered spectral signatures of grapevines under drought?

Unveiling a hidden link: does time hold the key to altered spectral signatures of grapevines under drought?

Abstract

Remote sensing technology captures spectral data beyond the visible range, making it useful for monitoring plant stress. Vis-NIR (Visible-Near Infrared) spectroscopy (400-1000 nm) is commonly used to indirectly assess plant status during drought. One example is the widespread use of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) that is strongly linked to green biomass. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding the applicability of this method to all the drought conditions and if it is a direct correlation to the water status of the plant.

This study focused on the spectral behavior and physiological changes in leaves of two grapevine cultivars, Riesling and Pinot Noir, that were subjected to different dehydration conditions. Dehydration rates varied from quick to medium and slow, examining the effect of time on the spectral and physiological response. The goal was to determine the potential role of time influencing the consistency of responses across different water dehydration conditions, and if drought stress symptoms could be detected through Vis-NIR analysis. The experimental design included four dehydration treatments: leaf dehydration by (i) detaching the leaves, (ii) cutting the stem from the roots, (iii) removing the soil from the root zone, and (iv) natural dehydration by irrigation withholding. By monitoring the spectral and physiological changes, the study aimed to assess the impact of different dehydration timings and the detectability of associated symptoms. Our results suggest that the timing of dehydration strongly influences the spectral signature changes. In instances under comparable water potentials, plants subjected to fast dehydration (e.g., stem cutting or detached leaves) displayed spectral patterns not significantly different as compared to the ones from adequately hydrated control plants. In contrast, plants undergoing gradual dehydration over several days (e.g., via irrigation withholding) exhibited spectral modifications consistent with previously documented findings.

Acknowledgements: Supported by the Projects DigiPlant and ImStress funded by NÖ Forschungs- und Bildungsges.mbH (NFB), Neue Herrengasse 10, 3rd floor, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria. We sincerely thank Rudi Rizzoli and Soma Laszlo Tarnay for their valuable contributions to the plants management, which played a crucial role in the research project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Flagiello F.1*, Herrera J.C.2, Farolfi E.2, Innocenti J.2, Kulhánková A.3, Bodner G.1

1 Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
2 Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
3 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 165 21, Czech Republic.

Contact the author*

Keywords

climate change, hyperspectral analysis, viticulture, drought stress, grapevine

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Entomopathogenic nematodes application for controlling Lobesia botrana in grapevine and their impact on grapevine quality 

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are well-known biological control agents combined with specific adjuvants that now allow their use against aerial pests. Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is one of the major harmful pests detected in worldwide vineyards. Previous studies demonstrated that the EPNs Steinernema feltiae and S. carpocapsae could control L. botrana. The hypothesis was that the best combination of EPN-adjuvant/timing (season/temperatures) will support the use of EPN in the vineyard against L. botrana with no impact on the grape performance.

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022.

Agronomic and oenological behavior of the minority Mandón variety on two rootstocks in the D.O. Arribes

A large population of vines of the Mandón minority red variety (synonymous with Garró) has been located in old vineyards of the D.O. Arribes (Zamora and Salamanca) to conserve and recover this minority variety. The wines made with this variety are characterized by their good structure and color, interesting harmony, an excellently low pH, with high acidity, as well as complex aromas of blue fruits and a marked and expressive minerality.

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.

The effect of ozonated water treatment on the metabolic profile and resistance of vines to Downy and powdery mildew 

Ozone is a potent oxidizing compound that quickly decomposes into oxygen without residues. Previous works reported that ozone is not only a disinfectant that directly harms the pathogens of the vine but also activates systemic defense systems in the plant by activating oxidative stress. We assume these systemic defense mechanisms are essential to the vines’ resistance to downy and powdery mildew (Plasmopara viticola & Erysiphe necator, respectively). The goals of the research are to examine the effect of spraying with ozone water on the plant’s resistance against the mentioned pathogens as well as to characterize the metabolic profile of the plants treated with ozone as well as physiological characteristics in the vines such as the level of Photosynthesis and crop yield. Vines in the vineyard sprayed with ozone water at concentrations of 2 and 4 PPM weekly and biweekly, untreated control & conventional spray. Leaves were taken from vines 2,4,7,9 and 11 days after exposure to ozone and inoculated with the pathogens.