terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPROSPECTING TOOLS FOR OENOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPROSPECTING TOOLS FOR OENOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Wine production is a complex biochemical process that involves a heterogeneous microbiota consisting of different microorganisms such as yeasts, bacteria, and filamentous fungi. Among these microorganisms, yeasts play a predominant role in the chemistry of wine, as they actively participate in alcoho-lic fermentation, a biochemical process that transforms the sugars in grapes into ethanol and carbon dioxide while producing additional by-products. The quality of the final product is greatly influenced by the microbiota present in the grape berry, and the demand for indigenous yeast starters adapted to specific grape must and reflecting the biodiversity of a particular region is increasing. This supports the concept that indigenous yeast strains can be associated with a “terroir”.

While some non-Saccharomyces species have been found to affect the chemical composition of wine, their low fermentation ability limits their usefulness, as they are unable to fully metabolize the sugars in the grape juice and produce only small amounts of ethanol. However, non-Saccharomyces strains have several oenological properties that are fundamental for the organoleptic properties of wine. As a result, the use of mixed non-Saccharomyces/Saccharomyces fermentation can be a valid alternative to spontaneous fermentation, as it can mimic natural biodiversity and increase the organoleptic properties of wine while minimizing microbial alterations.

The objectives of this work were to prospect and precisely identify genetically yeasts (more than 300 strains) of interest for the production of fermented beverages using an innovative protocol in several Swiss vineyards, establish a methodology to phenotypically characterize the isolated yeasts, and develop a procedure to assist winegrowers in their use of mixed saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts.

 

1. Bely, M., Stoeckle, P., Masneuf-Pomarède, I., Dubourdieu, D., 2008. Impact of mixed Torulaspora delbrueckii–Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on high-sugar fermentation. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 122 (3), 312–320.
2. Börlin, M., Miot-Sertier, C., Vinsonneau, E., Becquet, S., Salin, F., Bely, M., Lucas, P., Albertin, W., Legras, J.-L., & Masneuf-Po-marède, I. (2020). The “pied de cuve” as an alternative way to manage indigenous fermentation: impact on the fermentative process and Saccharomyces cerevisiae diversity. OENO One, 54(3), 335–342.
3. Capozzi V., Garofalo C., Assunta Chiriatti M., Grieco F., Spano G. 2015 Microbial terroir and food innovation: The case of yeast biodiversity in wine. Microbiological Research 181 (2015) 75–83
4. Domizio, P., Romani, C., Lencioni, L., Comitini, F., Gobbi, M., Mannazzu, I., et al.,2011. Outlining a future for non-Saccharomyces yeasts: selection of putative spoilage wine strains to be used in association with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for grape juice fermentation. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 147 (3), 170–180.
5. Pretorius I.S., 2020. Tasting the terroir of wine yeast innovation, FEMS Yeast Research,  20 (1).

DOI:

Publication date: February 9, 2024

Issue: OENO Macrowine 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Benoit Bach1 , Yannick Barth², Corentin Descombes ², Scott Simonin¹, Marilyn Cléroux¹, Charles Chappuis¹, Lefort Francois².

1. CHANGINS – Haute École de Viticulture et Œnologie, 1260 HES-SO, Nyon, Vaud, Switzerland
2. HEPIA, 1254 Jussy, Geneva, Switzerland

Contact the author*

Keywords

yeast, bioprospection, wine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | oeno macrowine 2023 | oeno-macrowine

Citation

Related articles…

POTENTIAL DEACIDIFYING ROLE OF A COMMERCIAL CHITOSAN: IMPACT ON PH, TITRATABLE ACIDITY, AND ORGANIC ACIDS IN MODEL SOLUTIONS AND WHITE WINE

Chitin is the main structural component of a large number of organisms (i.e., mollusks, insects, crustaceans, fungi, algae), and marine invertebrates including crabs and shrimps. The main derivative of chitin is chitosan (CH), produced by N-deacetylation of chitin in alkaline solutions. Over the past decade, the OIV/OENO 338A/ 2009 resolution approved the addition of allergen-free fungoid CH to must and wine as an adjuvant for microbiological control, prevention of haziness, metals chelation and ochratoxins removal (European Commission. 2011). Despite several studies on application of CH in winemaking, there are still very limited and controversial data on its interaction with acidic components in wine (Colan-gelo et al., 2018; Castro Marin et al., 2021).

Read More

FUNGAL DIVERSITY AND DYNAMICS IN CHAMPAGNE VINEYARDS: FROM VINE TO WINE

Champagne is a well-known wine region in Northern France with distinct terroirs and three main grape varieties. As for any vineyard, wine quality is highly linked to the microbiological characteristics of the raw materials. However, Champagne grape microbiota, especially its fungal component, has yet to be fully characterized. Our study focused on describing this mycobiota, from vine to small scale model wine, for the two main Champagne grape varieties, Pinot Noir and Meunier, using complementary cultural and omics approaches.

Read More

UNRAVELING THE CHEMICAL MECHANISM OF MND FORMATION IN RED WINE DURING BOTTLE AGING : IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW GLUCOSYLATED HYDROXYKETONE PRO-PRECURSOR

During bottle aging, the development of wine aroma through low and gradual oxygen exposure is often positive in red wines, but can be unfavorable in many cases, resulting in a rapid loss of fresh, fruity flavors. Prematurely aged wines are marked by intense prune and fig aromatic nuances that dominate the desirable bouquet achieved through aging (Pons et al., 2013). This aromatic defect, in part, is caused by the presence of 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione (MND). MND content was shown to be lower in nonoxidized red wines and higher in oxidized red wines, which systematically exceeds the odor detection threshold (62 ng/L).

Read More

WHICH TERROIR-RELATED FACTORS INFLUENCE THE MOST VOLATILE COMPOUND PRODUCTION IN COGNAC BASE WINE?

Cognac is a famous spirit produced in southwest France in the region of the eponymous town from wines mainly from Vitis vinifera cv. Ugni blanc. This variety gives very acidic and poorly aromatic base wines for distillation which are produced according to a very specific procedure. Grapes are picked at low sugar concentrations ranging 13-21 °Brix and musts with high turbidity (>500 NTU) are fermented without sulphite addition [1]. Fermentative aromas, as esters and higher alcohols, are currently the main quality markers considered in Cognac spirits.

Read More

CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK TO PREDICT GENETIC GROUP AND SULFUR TOLERANCE OF BRETTANOMYCES BRUXELLENSIS

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.20.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" module_font_size="16px" text_orientation="center"...
Read More