GiESCO 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 GiESCO 9 GiESCO 2019 9 Hexose efflux from the peeled grape berry

Hexose efflux from the peeled grape berry

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study ‐ After the onset of grape berry ripening, phloem unloading follows an apoplasmic route into the mesocarp tissue. In the apoplast, most of the unloaded sucrose is cleaved by cell wall invertases, and imported into the cells as glucose and fructose. Alternatively, sucrose can be imported directly from the apoplast and cleaved into glucose and fructose, either in the cytoplasm or vacuoles. In low‐sucrose cultivars, such as Shiraz, glucose and fructose are the dominant sugars in vacuoles. Transport of sugars across the plasma membrane and tonoplast is a complex process, not fully understood. Some of the elements of the sugar transport mechanism may work in a reverse mode. The purpose of this study was to indirectly observe the nature of the transport mechanism by creating conditions inducing hexose efflux from a peeled berry.

Material and methods ‐ Potted plants of cv. Shirazwere grown in a glass‐house (25/16°C), from the end of anthesis onward. The experimental method was derived from the “berry‐cup” technique: a peeled berry, still attached to the plant, was immersed in a MES buffer (2‐(N‐morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid, pH 5,5)) solution that was collected every 30 minutes over a 3 hour period. The experiment was repeated weekly during the ripening phase. Additionally, during the period of intensive sugar accumulation (one to three weeks after veraison), three treatments were imposed: (i) a comparison of sugar unloading from berries detached or attached to the vine, (ii) the addition of the membrane‐ impermeant sulfhydryl‐specific cytotoxin p‐chloromercuribenzenesulfonic (PCMBS, 1mM) to the buffer solution, (iii) exposing the berry to cold (10°C), room temperature (27°C) or warm (40°C) buffer. Collected samples were analyzed for glucose and fructose concentration.

Results ‐ During five weeks of ripening, the rate of hexose (mg of glucose+fructose per g of berry fresh weight) efflux from the peeled berry into the buffer solution increased.There was no difference in efflux rate between attached or detached berries, however efllux rates were temperature dependent. The non‐penetrating enzyme inhibitor, PCMBS, depressed glucose and fructose efflux at the first sampling date, but not two weeks later. The inhibitory effect of PCMBS on fructose efflux was different from glucose, however for both hexoses the reversible nature of PCMBS was confirmed. During ripening, the glucose to fructose ratio within the collected buffer was significantly lower than in the grape juice, and had the opposite trend. These results lead us to the conclusion that the origin of the collected hexoses was vacuolar, and that the hexose efflux mechanism is differently sensitive to PCMBS at the two stages of ripening. 

DOI:

Publication date: June 19, 2020

Issue: GiESCO 2019

Type: Article

Authors

Predrag BOŽOVIĆ (1,3), Suzy ROGIERS (2,3), Alain DELOIRE (4)

(1) University of Novi Sad,Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia
(2) New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
(3)National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
(4)University of Montpellier, SupAgro, Department of Biology-Ecology, France

Contact the author

Keywords

Grapevine, Sugar transport, Glucose, Fructose, Efflux, PCMBS

Tags

GiESCO 2019 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Are dicysteinyl polysulfanes responsible for post-bottling release of hydrogen sulfide?

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a significant impact on wine aroma attributes and wine quality when present at concentrations above its aroma threshold of 1.1 to 1.6 μg/L.

Enhancement of the terroir

The terroir is today the most important factor of production and development in the wine sector. In a context where the commercial challenge is taking place all over the place, the distinction between traditional and “new” producing countries is not only a geographical, cultural and technical counter position but also, and above all, a legal one. Indeed, the system of standards present in the “old world” (plantation rights, production decrees, yields per hectare, etc.) which may represent, in the short term on the global market, constraints to development and product innovation must become an opportunity. But threats become opportunities, if we work, from the vine to the market, via communication, more on the elements of difference than on those of affinity.

Impact des systèmes de conduite, de la gestion des sols et de la capacité de rétention d’eau des sols sur l’état hydrique de la vigne à Cognac

Dans le cadre de TerclimPro 2025, Sébastien Zito a présenté un article IVES Technical Reviews. Retrouvez la présentation ci-dessous ainsi que l’article associé : https://ives-technicalreviews.eu/article/view/9161

Free and bound terpene profile of recovered minority white grape varieties by GC × GC-TOFMS

Climate change presents a significant challenge for actual viticulture. In this context, recovering minority grape varieties can be a crucial strategy to ensure resilience, particularly those capable of maintaining quality and aromatic complexity under water stress.

Influenza di alcuni aspetti ambientali sul contenuto di stilbeni nel vino nell’area della DOC “Sangiovese di Romagna” (Italia)

The ambition of the zonation of the Doc “Sangiovese di Romagna” is described as 25 siti sperimentali, aventi diversa origine geologica, in cui è stato individuato un vigneto omogeneo per la determinazione dei principali parametri viticoli ed enologici. In seguito è stato analizzato il contentto di stilbeni nei vini al fine di indepth il legame con le charatteristiche geopedologiche. The studio describes the positive relationship between the altitude and the content of the trans -piceide nelle province di Forlì and Ravenna and of the trans -resveratrolo a Ravenna. I suoli con maggiore calcare attivo hanno fornito vini più ricchi in stilbeni.