terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Winter physiology in a warmer world: Cold hardiness and deacclimation sensitivity drive variation in spring phenology

Winter physiology in a warmer world: Cold hardiness and deacclimation sensitivity drive variation in spring phenology

Abstract

As the climate warms, the focus of concern in viticulture often turns to how higher temperatures may shift growing regions, change the character of AVAs, and alter fruit quality. However, climate warming is increasing most quickly during the winter dormancy cycle, a critical and often underappreciated portion of the grapevine life cycle.  In response to decreasing temperatures and decreasing daylength, grapes initiate a series of physiological changes to enter dormancy, acquire freeze resistance, and time spring phenology such that the growing season begins after threat of frost.  We have been working to understand the connections between temperature perception and dormancy physiology in grapevine through field and growth chamber experiments.  Examining 30 different cultivars over 3 years, we have uncovered a critical link between the depth of freeze resistance, the interaction with chilling accumulation, and the eventual timing of spring budbreak. Results demonstrate that chilling accumulation and perception is conserved across diverse grapevine cultivars and the perceived difference in chill requirement for synchronous budbreak is largely driven by variation in thermal efficiency (deacclimation resistance) during ecodormancy. Phenotypic variation in maximal cold hardiness and deacclimation resistance suggest adaptive potential in different wild grape species that can be tapped for a world of erratic climate.      

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Jason P Londo1, Alisson P Kovaleski2

1Cornell University
2University of Wisconsin-Madison

Contact the author*

Keywords

Cold Hardiness, winter survival, deacclimation, dormancy, phenology

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Organic volatile compounds as suitable markers of grapevine response to defense elicitors in the vineyard

In greenhouse, emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) by grapevine leaves has already been reported in response to the defence elicitor sulfated laminarin (PS3) [1]. In order to check that this response was not specific to PS3, experiments were conducted on Vitis cv Marselan plantlets with several other elicitors of different chemical structures: i.e. Bastid® (COS-OGA),

Effect of closure types and storage temperature on the oxygen levels during ageing Malbec wines (Mendoza, Argentina)

During ageing, different chemical reactions occur affecting the stability of wine. These reactions depend on the temperature, the conservation time, etc. Also, these reactions are affected by dissolved oxygen (OD) and headspace oxygen (OHS) which are related to the permeability of different closures types.

Reasoning a Terroir policy on the basis of the prospective study of the French wine sector

The prospective study of the French wine sector (Sebillotte et al., 2004) has identified “groups of micro-scenarios” at the end of the analysis of the characteristics of this wine sector.

Territoires et zones viticoles. Aspects climatiques, pédologiques, agronomiques. Caractérisation des terroirs viticoles: une étude systémique

On assiste actuellement à l’émergence d’une demande sociale forte à l’égard de fonctions par ailleurs traditionnelles de l’agriculture, qui concernent la gestion des ressources du milieu, le maintien d’un tissu social rural, la valorisation des territoires ruraux et l’entretien des paysages.

Development of a standardized method for metabolite analysis by NMR to assess wine authenticity

The wine sector generates a considerable amount of wealth but is facing a growing problem of fraud. Wine counterfeiting is one of the oldest and most common cases of food fraud worldwide. Therefore, the authenticity and traceability of wine are major concerns for both the industry and consumers. To address these issues, robust and reliable analysis and control methods are necessary. Several methods have been developed, ranging from simple organoleptic tests to more advanced methodologies such as isotopic techniques or residual radioactivity measurements.