terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Winter physiology in a warmer world: Cold hardiness and deacclimation sensitivity drive variation in spring phenology

Winter physiology in a warmer world: Cold hardiness and deacclimation sensitivity drive variation in spring phenology

Abstract

As the climate warms, the focus of concern in viticulture often turns to how higher temperatures may shift growing regions, change the character of AVAs, and alter fruit quality. However, climate warming is increasing most quickly during the winter dormancy cycle, a critical and often underappreciated portion of the grapevine life cycle.  In response to decreasing temperatures and decreasing daylength, grapes initiate a series of physiological changes to enter dormancy, acquire freeze resistance, and time spring phenology such that the growing season begins after threat of frost.  We have been working to understand the connections between temperature perception and dormancy physiology in grapevine through field and growth chamber experiments.  Examining 30 different cultivars over 3 years, we have uncovered a critical link between the depth of freeze resistance, the interaction with chilling accumulation, and the eventual timing of spring budbreak. Results demonstrate that chilling accumulation and perception is conserved across diverse grapevine cultivars and the perceived difference in chill requirement for synchronous budbreak is largely driven by variation in thermal efficiency (deacclimation resistance) during ecodormancy. Phenotypic variation in maximal cold hardiness and deacclimation resistance suggest adaptive potential in different wild grape species that can be tapped for a world of erratic climate.      

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Jason P Londo1, Alisson P Kovaleski2

1Cornell University
2University of Wisconsin-Madison

Contact the author*

Keywords

Cold Hardiness, winter survival, deacclimation, dormancy, phenology

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Zonazione e vitigni autoctoni nel sud della Basilicata: metodologie integrate per la caratterizzazione di ambienti di elezione di biotipi storici finalizzati a vini di territorio nella DOC “Terre dell’Alta Val d’Agri”

I territori della DOC “Terre dell’Alta Val d’Agri”, a Sud della regione Basilicata, si caratterizzano per una elevata biodiversità autoctona autoselezionatesi su ambienti ecologicamente ben definiti,

Yield formation and grape composition: more than meets the eye 

Fruit quality in grapes is not well defined but is often depicted as correlating inversely with crop yield. Both fruit yield and composition, however, are made from distinct components that interact in complex ways. Reproductive growth of grapevines extends over two growing seasons. Inflorescences initiated in buds during the previous year differentiate flowers and set and develop berries during the harvest year.

The role of œnology in the enhancement of terroir expression

The reality of terroir is reflected by the typicality that it confers on the wine. The relationship between the origin of wine and its quality did already exist before the appearance of œnological science. Producers and merchants have always tried to improve wine quality in order to satisfy their clients.

Beyond liking scores: the importance of the drinking experience to understand our consumers

The presentation will approach the understanding of wine consumers´ perception based on the experiential model suggested by Warell (2008). In this framework, wine consumption gives rise to a
variety of experiences related to the perception, understanding, and judgment of the product. These
multidimensional facets of the drinking experience can be explored by measuring affective, cognitive,
and sensory responses of consumers, which are shown to be stable regardless of the social context.

Comparison of aroma-related compounds of carbonic maceration and traditional young red winemaking in case of Merlot by means of targeted metabolomic approach

Winemaking decisions and techniques are known to affect the final aromatic composition of red wines. Winemakers put a constant effort into the improved controlling of vinification procedures to achieve better quality. Anyway an increased customer’s demand for uniqueness is often forcing them to adjust and offer new and new interesting products. To support the producers, an improved knowledge on aromatic potential as affected by classical and alternative strategies is needed.