Challenges for the Implementation of commercial inoculum of arbuscular fungi in a commercial Callet vineyard (Vitis vinifera L.)

Rootstocks play a key role in the grapevine’s adaptation to the increasing soil water scarcity related to climate change. A pot experiment carried out in 2022 aimed at assessing the physiological responses of seven ungrafted rootstocks to a progressive soil water deficit and a subsequent recovery to field capacity.

L’AOC Grignolino d’Asti (20000 hl environ de production) est un vin de la province de Asti, produit avec le raisin rouge du cépage de même nom originaire du Piémont (Nord-Ouest d’Italie).

To digitally record and present all the origins of Austrian wines in the same perfect and clear way was the motivation for the Austrian Wine Marketing Board (Austrian Wine) to start with the project in 2018. In June 2021 the results were presented to the public in an online viewer showing all the designations of Austrian wine, available at https://austrianvineyards.com in a largely barrier-free manner. The online viewer provides tailored individual maps fitted to the respective zoom level. The smallest unit of wine-origins in Austria is called Ried and is displayed in a plot-specific manner highlighting areas under vine. Information on the Ried include administrative district, winegrowing municipality, cadastral municipality, large collective vineyard site, specific winegrowing region, generic winegrowing region, winegrowing area and, in many cases, an illustrative picture. Complementary data on the size, elevation (minimum-maximum), orientation (in 8 sectors plus flat) and gradient (minimum, maximum, average) are based on the area under vine according to the EU’s Integrated Administration and Control System. Additional information covers climate data. The diagrams are taken from the monthly breakdown of data in the annals of the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Austria provide a display of values for air temperature, precipitation, and sunshine hours for the reference year and the long-term average. Seasonal aggregated data on temperature, precipitation, and sunshine hours complete the display. Short descriptions with emphasis on geology and soil, field name in historical maps, etymology of the denomination, and main planted variety complements the available information for the main designations in the online viewer. These descriptions are compiled by winegrowers, geologists, historians, and journalists. All the information and data can be extracted to a pdf-file. Printed vineyard maps are also available. Missing content regarding wine origins in Styria will be completed in winter 2021/22.

Deficit irrigation strategies can be valuable means to improve grape quality while saving important amounts of water. A simple way to use deficit irrigation can be based on irrigating a vineyard with a determined level of crop evapotranspiration. Using a precise physiological parameter indicating water status, irrigation could be managed to maintain a specific pre-dawn leaf water potential.

In this work we briefly present a microfluidic device aiming to sort yeast cells according to their morphology. The technology is based upon microfluidic chips made out of Polydimethylsiloxane and glass using soft lithography processes and replica molding. The microfluidic device was used for encapsulating single yeast cells in liquid droplets containing growth medium. Liquid droplet containing yeast cells were sorted using a real time imaging and decision-making process.