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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2025 9 Adaptive and innovative technologies in sustainable oenology 9 Tribological astringency index a parameter for adjusting maceration in red grapes winemaking

Tribological astringency index a parameter for adjusting maceration in red grapes winemaking

Abstract

Astringency is one of the leading quality factors in red wines. Relevant decisions are made in wine production based on this sensory parameter, including the time of harvest (phenolic ripeness), time and intensity of maceration, time and type of aging, and the target market of the wines. However, astringency in wines is a complex attribute in sensory evaluation since it is produced by the interaction of the wine’s tannins with saliva proteins, causing a decrease in oral lubrication between each assessment. This causes an increase in the intensity of perception as we are exposed to the stimulus and, consequently, a loss of objectivity between evaluations. This research presents a new physical method, based on a tribological method to measure astringency, that imitates the tongue sliding against the hard palate, just as the winemaker does when tasting. The astringency index was evaluated using red wine mixed with the “Winetech” reagent in industrial winemaking of Cabernet Sauvignon and Carmenere grapes. During maceration, changes in the coefficient of friction occurred, allowing in-situ and objective evaluation of maceration decisions during winemaking. The results of this work demonstrate that this new physical method for determining astringency can be a helpful tool for quality decision-making and process optimization, becoming a key element for the future of winery automation and/or smart wineries.

Índice de astringencia tribológico como parámetro de descube durante la vinificación de vinos tintos

La astringencia es uno de los principales factores de calidad en vinos tintos. En base a este parámetro sensorial se toman decisiones relevantes en la producción de vino, incluido el momento de cosecha (madurez fenólica), tiempo e intensidad de maceración, tiempo y tipo de envejecimiento y el mercado objetivo de los vinos. Sin embargo, la astringencia en vinos es un atributo difícil de evaluar sensorialmente, ya que se produce por la interacción de los taninos del vino con las proteínas de la saliva, haciendo que se vaya perdiendo la lubricación oral entre cada evaluación. Esto se traduce en un aumento de la intensidad de la percepción en la medida que nos exponemos al estímulo y por consecuencia se produce una pérdida de objetividad entre las evaluaciones. En esta investigación se presenta un nuevo método físico para medir astringencia, que se basa en una medición tribológica que imita el deslizamiento de la lengua contra el paladar al igual que lo hace el enólogo al degustar. Se evaluó el índice de astringencia utilizando mezclas de vinos tintos con el reactivo “Winetech”, en vinificaciones industriales de uvas Cabernet Sauvignon y Carmenere. Durante los días de maceración se produjeron cambios en el coeficiente de fricción, pudiendo evaluar in-situ y de forma objetiva las decisiones de maceración durante vinificación. Los resultados de este trabajo demuestran que este nuevo método físico para determinar astringencia puede ser una herramienta útil tanto para la toma de decisiones de calidad como para la optimización de procesos, convirtiéndose en pieza clave para el futuro de la automatización de bodegas y/o bodegas inteligentes.

DOI:

Publication date: September 22, 2025

Issue: 46th World Congress of Vine and Wine

Type: Oral

Authors

Natalia Brossard1,2, Matías Chávez1, Vladimir Olivares1, Edmundo Bordeu1

1 Winetech SpA, Avenida Apoquindo , Las Condes 2930, Santiago, Chile
2 Department of Fruit Trees and Enology, Faculty of Agronomy and Natural Systems, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 7820436, Chile

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2025

Citation

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