Terroir 2010 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Terroir Conferences 9 Terroir 2010 9 Ancient zoning in the world (T2010) 9 Storia del prosecco e del suo territorio di produzione: un percorso di studi in continuo progresso

Storia del prosecco e del suo territorio di produzione: un percorso di studi in continuo progresso

Abstract

Nella realtà viticola Italiana il Prosecco è uno degli esempi più evidenti di un percorso storico che ha saputo valorizzare lo stretto legame tra vitigno e territorio d’origine.A partire dalla fine del ‘700, periodo nel quale le prime testimonianze riportano la presenza di questo vitigno nel luogo che ne ha dato fama e notorietà, diversi studi hanno contribuito all’individuazione degli elementi storici ed ambientali attestanti l’indiscusso valore di questo contesto unico e irripetibile.Le ricerche dell’ ‘800 hanno preso le mosse da un’approfondita caratterizzazione ampelografica del vitigno, dei suoi biotipi già anticamente noti e delle loro potenzialità viticole ed enologiche. Nel corso del ‘900 l’attenzione si è poi spostata anche all’ambiente di coltivazione, cercando di estrapolarne i principali caratteri morfologici e climatici e di coglierne gli effetti sulla successione fenologica, sulla produzione e sulla macrostruttura dell’uva. Negli anni ’90 l’esigenza di applicare nella pratica agricola quotidiana i risultati scientifici ottenuti in questi primi studi e la concomitante evoluzione delle metodologie di indagine, ha portato all’approccio pluridisciplinare che caratterizza gli attuali studi di zonazione. Grazie a questi, e sulla scorta delle informazioni climatiche e podologiche acquisite e a tecniche e strumentazioni sempre più evoluti sono stati impostati due importanti lavori di zonazione: il primo riguardante l’area orientale della DOCG Conegliano-Valdobbiadene o DOC Colli di Conegliano (1997-1999) e il successivo esteso alla parte occidentale della DOCG Conegliano-Valdobbiadene (2003-2006). Queste indagini hanno portato ad un approfondita conoscenza dell’areale produttivo storico di questo vitigno, evidenziando come a diverse condizioni climatiche e podologiche il Prosecco risponda con caratteristiche produttive diverse (rese, contenuti zuccherini, contenuti aromatici). Ciò concorre a rafforzare il legame tra vitigno e territorio, confermandone il ruolo fondamentale nel determinare la tipicità e l’unicità di questo vino.

English version: The Prosecco is one of the most important examples in Italy of a territory that through a long study process established its success in the strong linkage between wine and its original area. Since the end of 1700, when first evidences can be found about the presence of the Prosecco in this territory, many studies have contributed in better understanding the historical and environmental elements accountable for its success and notoriety. In 1800 the research started with the amphelographic characterization of the variety and with the study of its different biotipes and their viticultural and oenological potential. In the curse of 1900 the attention of reaserchers moved to the environment, with the aim at identifying the factors with major impact on vine physiology, yield and quality. The need to practically apply the results of these first scientific studies, together with the development of new technologies, led in the 90s to the multidisciplinary approach that characterizes the modern zoning studies. Basing on the pedologic and climatic information collected along two centuries, two important zoning projects were developed: the first (1997-1999) involved the Colli di Conegliano AOC district (Eastern part of the Conegliano-Valdobbiadene AOCG), while the second (2003-2006) focused on the Western part of the Conegliano-Valdobbiadene AOCG. These two investigations led to a better knowledge of the historical Prosecco area, highlighting how different environmental conditions may have an impact on the performance of this variety with important effects on yield, sugar content and aromatic composition of the grapes. The results contributed to strengthen the linkage between Prosecco and its territory and confirmed the importance of the production area in determining the uniqueness and tipicality of this product.

DOI:

Publication date: October 1, 2020

Issue: Terroir 2010

Type: Article

Authors

F. Gaiotti, P. Marcuzzo, F. Battista, L. Lovat, D. Tomasi

CRA-Centro di Ricerca per la Viticoltura, Viale 28 Aprile 26, Conegliano, Italy

Contact the author

Keywords

Zoning, Prosecco, Conegliano, Valdobbiadene, Climate, Soil

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2010

Citation

Related articles…

Downscaling of remote sensing time series: thermal zone classification approach in Gironde region

In viticulture, the challenges of local climate modelling are multiple: taking into account the local environment, fine temporal and spatial scales, reliable time series of climate data, ease of implementation and reproducibility of the method. At the local scale, recent studies have demonstrated the contribution of spatialization methods for ground-based climate observation data considering topographic factors such as altitude, slope, aspect, and geographic coordinates (Le Roux et al, 2017; De Rességuier et al, 2020). However, these studies have shown questions in terms of the reproducibility and sustainability of this type of climate study. In this context, we evaluated the potential of MODIS thermal satellite images validated with ground-based climate data (Morin et al, 2020). Previous studies have been encouraging, but questions remain to be explored at the regional scale, particularly in the dynamics of the massive use of bioclimatic indices to classify the climate of wine regions. The results at the local scale were encouraging, but this approach was tested in the current study at the regional scale. Several objectives were set: 1) to evaluate the downscaling method for land surface temperature time series, 2) to identify regional thermal structure variations. We used weekly minimum and maximum surface temperature time series acquired by MODIS satellites at a spatial resolution of 1000 m and downscaled at 500 m using topographical variables. Two types of analyses were performed:

Valorization of winemaking by-products through circular economy approaches

Winemaking generates significant amounts of by-products, such as grape pomace and wine lees, which are primarily used for distillation and composting.

The state of the climate

The climate has warmed over the past century or more bringing about changes in numerous aspects in both earth and human systems

New highlights of polyphenols from red wine to counteract ocular degenerative diseases

More recently, studies have shown that polyphenols could also prevent or improve vision in patients with ocular diseases and especially age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which is an eye disease characterized by damage to the central part of the retina, the macula, and that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite therapeutic advances thanks to the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), many resistance mechanisms have been found to accentuate the visual deficit.

Effect of vigour and number of clusters on eonological parameters and metabolic profile of Cabernet Sauvignon red wines

Vegetative growth and yield are reported to affect grape and wine quality. They can be controlled through different techniques linked to vine management. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of vine vigour and number of clusters per vine on physicochemical composition and phenolic profile of red wines. The experiment was carried out during two vegetative cycles, with cv. Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto Paulsen 1103. Three vine vigour were defined, according to shoot weight at previous harvests, being low, medium and high. Five treatments of number of clusters were used for each vigour, with 15, 22, 29, 36, and 45 clusters per vine. Grapes from all treatments were harvested in the same day from Brix and total acidity criteria. Thirty days after bottling, classical analyzes and phenolic compounds were performed. As results, different responses were obtained from each vintage. In 2020, a dry season from veraison to harvest, grapes and wines obtained from low vigour treatment and 45 clusters per vine was the highest in sugar and alcohol content respectively, while grapes and wines from high vigour and 15 clusters presented the lowest sugar and alcohol content. Total anthocyanins were higher in treatment with low vigour and 15 clusters, while the lowest amounts were found in low vigour with 45 clusters, as well as medium and high vigour with 36 clusters per vine. Total tannins were higher in high vigour with 22 clusters and medium vigour with 29 clusters, while were lower in low vigour with 36 clusters. In 2021, a wet season at harvest, responses were different, and great variations were observed between treatments. As conclusions, yield and vine vigour had strong influence on grape and wine quality, promoting different enological potentials on which can be indicated/used for aging strategies of red and even rosé wines.