 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Grape seed flavanols extraction and mechanical-acoustic properties as influenced by maceration time and ethanol content

Grape seed flavanols extraction and mechanical-acoustic properties as influenced by maceration time and ethanol content

Abstract

AIM: Grape flavanols are involved in wine quality markers such as in-mouth sensations and colour stability. In particular, seed flavanols are characterized by low molecular weight and high galloylation ratio, which are correlated respectively with bitterness and astringency. Their release during maceration is derived from the seed hydration and the ethanol-driven disassembly of cell walls that is promoted by maceration time. In this study, acoustic and mechanical parameters were tested to investigate the effect of maceration length and ethanol content on seed flavanols extraction. The magnitude of the changes observed in seeds hardness in the different maceration conditions was evaluated in the attempt to establish correlations with the extracted compounds.

METHODS: Pinot noir seeds were macerated in a wine-like solution (pH 3.40, 5 g/L tartaric acid) with different ethanol content (0, 5, 10, 15 and increasing addition up to 15% v/v). After 3, 7, and 10 days, total polyphenols (A280), condensed tannins (methylcellulose assay), flavanol composition as mean degree of polymerization (mDP), and monomeric content by HPLC were determined in the resulting solutions. Mechanical and acoustic parameters of macerated seeds were evaluated through compression test by instrumental texture analysis.

RESULTS: Seed tannins extraction was influenced by both ethanol and maceration time, in different extent depending on the specific compound. In all macerations, an initial seed deformation together with a loss of elasticity was reported. As well, seed hardness (as seed break force, N) increased in all macerations except for 15% ethanol samples that showed a significant decrease. In accordance, some acoustic parameters (as average acoustic energy, dB) increased significantly during maceration, and this last parameter was positively correlated with total polyphenols and condensed tannins extractions.

CONCLUSIONS:

Initial ethanol content and maceration length influenced flavanols richness and composition in the maceration extract. However, limited differences in both phenolic composition and texture parameters were found between the samples with no ethanol content and gradually-increasing alcohol strength

DOI:

Publication date: September 10, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Maria Alessandra Paissoni

University of Torino, Italy,Susana RÍO SEGADE, University of Torino, Italy Luca ROLLE, University of Torino, Italy Simone GIACOSA, University of Torino, Italy

Contact the author

Keywords

grape seeds, tannins, maceration, texture analysis, mechanical-acoustic properties

Citation

Digital PCR: a tool for the early detection of brettanomyces in wine

Brettanomyces bruxellensis is found in various ecological niches, but particularly in fermentative processes: beer, kombucha, cider and wine. In the oenological sector, this yeast is undesirable, as it can produce ethyl phenols, thus altering wine quality. These compounds are characterized by stable or horse-sweat aromas, unpleasant for consumers.

Cell Walls Of Grape Mesocarp Possible Fining Agents For Red And White Wine

Clarification or fining of wines is a technique used in wineries to eliminate unwanted wine components, which negatively affect its quality. Clarification normally involves the addition of an adsorptive material that eliminates or reduces the presence of undesirable components. The problem is that many of the fining agents used in the industry contain allergens, such as caseinates or ovalbumin.

Pratiques de taille et développement des jeunes vignes

Dans le cadre de TerclimPro 2025, Gonzaga Santesteban a présenté l’article IVES Technical Reviews. Retrouvez la présentation ci-dessous ainsi que l’article associé : https://ives-technicalreviews.eu/article/view/8465

Le Pinot noir dans la zone AOC des “Colli Orientali del Friuli” (nord-est de l’Italie) : influence de la forme de taille sur les paramètres viticoles et œnologiques du raisin et du vin

Pinot noir is an interesting vat variety for the high quality products it provides in the most suitable areas. In France, the most important Pinot Noir growing areas are Burgundy, Champagne, Alsace and the Loire. In Italy, Pinot Noir is grown almost exclusively in the northern regions of Trentino-Alto Adige, Lombardy and Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

Struck flint aroma in Chardonnay wines: what causes it and how much is too much?

Struck flint/struck match/gun smoke/mineral aroma is considered desirable in some styles of wines, with this character sometimes evident in wines such as Burgundian Chablis and cooler climate barrel-fermented Australian Chardonnay.