 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Effects of yeast product addition and fermentation temperature on lipid composition and sensory of pinot noir wines

Effects of yeast product addition and fermentation temperature on lipid composition and sensory of pinot noir wines

Abstract

AIM: Firm tissues of grapes and yeast are the major sources of lipids in wine. Variation of yeasts and grape varieties could impact the concentration and composition of lipids in wine. Lipid metabolism is also affected by changes in fermentation temperature. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in lipid compositions and sensory in Pinot Noir wines in response to differences in fermentation temperature and addition of different types and amounts of yeast derivative products.

METHODS: Oregon Pinot noir grapes from 2019 were fermented at 16°C and 25°C. Following primary and malolactic fermentation, the yeast product Oenolees (Laffort, USA) was added to the wines. Treatments included single addition of Oenolees at different concentrations (0 g/L, 0.5 g/L, and 1.0 g/L). Bligh and Dyer lipid extraction method with a solvent mixture chloroform/methanol was used to extract total lipids in the experimental wines. Lipids extracted were subjected to lipidomic analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) to identify and analyze the lipid composition. The sensory of the final products was evaluated using triangle tests and descriptive analysis.

RESULTS: The results indicated that wine style and wine quality could be distinguished by lipid composition in wine. However, the taste and mouthfeel characteristics, sweetness, bitterness, acidity, viscosity, and drying, were not significantly different among the treatments.

CONCLUSIONS:

The wine processes of fermentation temperature and yeast product addition did not alter the lipid content of wine. While the low lipid concentration in the wine treatments resulted in no differences in the sensory study, there is much to understand about their role in compound interactions as wine ages and if this has an impact on wine mouthfeel. Lipids themselves may not have direct impacts on wine mouthfeel but there is still potential for interactions between lipids and other wine components, such as tannins, to alter wine mouthfeel perception

DOI:

Publication date: September 10, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Quynh Phan

Oregon State University, Aubrey Dubois, James Osborne, Elizabeth Tomasino

Contact the author

Keywords

wine mouthfeel perception, lipidomic profiling, wine chemistry, wine chemistry components, discrimination test

Citation

Responses of grapevine cells to physiological doses of ethanol, among which induced resistance to heat stress

Grapevine naturally endures stresses like heat, drought, and hypoxia. A recent study showed very low oxygen levels inside grape berries, linked to ethanol content.

Improved analysis of isomeric polyphenol dimers using the 4th dimension of trapped ion mobility spectrometry – mass spectrometry

Dehydrodicatechins have recently received attention as oxidation markers especially in grapes and wine. Their analysis mainly uses LC-MS/MS which is able to differentiate them from their natural isomers (dimeric procyanidins), based on specific fragments

Sensory profiles and European Consumer Preference related to Aroma and Phenolic Composition of Wines made from Fungus Resistant Grape Varieties

New grape varieties with several resistance loci towards powdery and downy mildew allows to significantly reduce the use of fungicides

The legal concept of “cultural heritage” to refurbish the wine sector’s priorities

Following the latest oiv global report (april 26, 2024), the prevailing perception of wine consumption finds itself undergoing one of its most challenging adjustments. It’s plausible to anticipate a shift in the scope of pdo wines towards more human-centered products (wells and stiefel, 2019), necessitating the entire sector to adapt strategies to public interest patterns (touzeau, 2010: 17-31). Previously, a dominant notion of cultural property underscored the value of wine regions; the primary interest revolved around estate owners and retailers, along with vigneron tales.

Using nanopore skim-sequencing to characterise regional epigenetic variability in New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc

Recent advancements in genomic sequencing technologies have enabled more detailed and direct studies of DNA methylation, which can help characterise epigenetic variations in plants. The Grapevine Improvement team at the Bragato Research Institute is studying the use of Oxford Nanopore sequencing to identify epigenetic changes associated with environmental differences among clonally-propagated grapevines.

This study involved sequencing DNA from the same Sauvignon Blanc clone, sourced from diverse New Zealand viticultural regions, using the PromethION platform.