Proposal of zonification and characterization of terroirs in the Yalde-Najerilla-Uruñuela vine growing area (DOC Rioja, Spain), based on the soil influence

Amarone is an Italian red wine produced in the Valpolicella area, in north-eastern Italy. Due to its elaboration with withered grapes, Amarone is a rather unique example of dry red wine. However, there is very limited data so far concerning the volatile composition of commercial Amarone wines, which also undergo a cask aging of 2-4 years before release.

Through the years, extensive studies have been conducted on fungal biodiversity during the winemaking process: from the vineyard until aging.

After some decades sunk into oblivion, pruning has recently recovered the focus of grape growers and viticulturists worldwide. Attention is now being paid to the respect the sap flow continuity and to pruning wounds, as they may affect the general performance and longevity of the plant. The longevity and profitability are strongly affected by the increasing incidence of grapevine wood diseases (GWD), intensified by the omission of good pruning practices and leading to an increasingly aggressive pruning. The purpose of this study is to provide an objective evaluation of the short- and mid-term implications of different pruning practices that differ in the degree of observation several of pruning principles.

A vineyard landscape is above all an area observed by someone, that is to say a physical entity perceved and represented by this person.

Pomace, stem, grapevine leaves, and vine shoots arise as so called winery by-products during the wine production process.