Characterization of the Origin Denomination “Ribeira Sacra”

Definitions of terroir elude consistent agreement. As defined geographical space the common denominators of its conceptualization include natural and cultural elements of life

Epigenetics corresponds to the complement of genetic information carried in chromatin beyond the DNA sequence.

Adrenaline (epinephrine) belongs to catecholamine class. It is a neurotransmitter and both a hormone which is released by the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla in response to a range of stresses in order to regulate blood pressure, cardiac stimulation, relaxation of smooth muscles and other physiological processes. Adrenaline exhibits an effective antioxidant capacity (1). However, adrenalin is capable to auto-oxidation and in this case it generates toxic reactive oxygen intermediates and adrenochrome. Under in vitro conditions, auto-oxidation of adrenaline occurs in an alkaline medium (2).

Aims: The objective of the present work is to review strategies applied to decrypt multidimensional and ill-defined concepts employed by winemakers and to illustrate these strategies with recent applications.

Tempranillo is the most widely grown red grapevine variety in Spain, currently representing 42% of the total number of red varieties and 21% of the total vineyard area. Due to the economic importance that this variety represents in Spanish viticulture, in some areas where it is traditionally grown, there is a special concern about the viability of the future growing of this variety is being compromised by the climate change effects.