Terroir 2006 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 A geologic numeric mapping, with geophysic transects, of Marsannay’s vineyard (Burgundy, France)

A geologic numeric mapping, with geophysic transects, of Marsannay’s vineyard (Burgundy, France)

Abstract

Marsannay est l’appellation la plus septentrionale de la Côte de Nuits, à la limite Sud de Dijon. Elle regroupe trois villages, Chenôve, Marsannay-la-Côte et Couchey, et constitue l’appellation la plus vaste de la Côte de Nuits avec 315 hectares en A.O.C. Elle possède uniquement des niveaux d’appellations régionales et communales depuis 1987. En vue d’une demande de regroupements et de changements de niveau d’appellation de lieux-dits auprès de l’INAO, le Syndicat viticole a travaillé conjointement avec le groupe de recherche « terroir » des UMR CNRS 5561 et 5594. La méthodologie de cette étude a donc été orientée sur deux thématiques : une caractérisation physique des terroirs viticoles de l’appellation Marsannay et une étude géologique précise de l’appellation afin de comparer la répartition des facteurs naturels aux limites actuelles des lieux-dits. La caractérisation physique des terroirs viticoles a été réalisée à l’échelle des lieux-dits. La topographie est extraite des cartes I.G.N. au 1/25 000. Le vignoble de Marsannay est planté sur un relief de faille, entraînant une forte variabilité spatiale des substrats géologiques. Ainsi, une campagne de terrain a été menée afin de réaliser une carte géologique au 1/10 000. Les observations des affleurements sont complétées par plusieurs profils géophysiques et des fosses pédologiques. Les sub-affleurements ainsi que les variations du type de roche utilisée dans les constructions historiques de limite de parcelles sont intégrées afin d’affiner l’étude. Cette carte à grande échelle permet de comparer la spatialisation des substrats avec la délimitation des lieux-dits actuels. Il s’avère que les lieux-dits peuvent être géologiquement homogènes ou hétérogènes. Ainsi, faire des unités viticoles systématiquement homogènes d’un point de vue de la géologie amène à délimiter des lieux-dits de taille non adaptée à la culture de la vigne, et en inadéquation avec les délimitations existantes. Il est alors intéressant d’étudier si l’hétérogénéité du substrat d’un lieu-dit viticole influe sur la qualité du vin. Une corrélation a été réalisée pour des lieux-dits à niveau d’appellation et réputation différents.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2006

Type: Article

Authors

Anne COMBAUD (1), Jean-Pierre GARCIA (1), Christophe PETIT (2), Amélie QUIQUEREZ (1), Franck REMOND (1) and Françoise VANNIER-PETIT

(1) UMR CNRS 5561 Biogéosciences
(2) UMR CNRS 5594 Archéologie, cultures et sociétés

Contact the author

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2006

Citation

Related articles…

Swiss program for the creation of fungal disease resistant grape varieties in Switzerland

Grapevine breeding is part of the research program of Agroscope in Switzerland since 1965. From 1965 to 1995, the aim of the Vitis vinifera crosses was to obtain a high resistance to grey rot (Botrytis cinerea), one of the most virulent fungal pathogens in the Swiss vineyard. In 2021, the grape varieties released from this first breeding program covered 936 ha of the 15’000 ha of the Swiss vineyard. In 1996, a second breeding program aimed at obtaining, by classical interspecific hybridization, grape varieties resistant to downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (Erisyphe necator) and less sensitive to grey rot (Botrytis cinerea). In order to accelerate and make the selection process more reliable, an early biochemical test was developed based on the natural defense mechanisms of the vine against downy mildew (stilbene phytoalexins). The synthesis of stilbenes (i.e., resveratrol and its oxidized dimers - and -viniférine) and pterostilbenes (methylated derivative) is among the most efficient induced defense mechanisms of grapevine against fungal pathogens on both the leaves and the clusters.

Heatwaves impacts on grapevine physiology, berry chemistry & wine quality

Climate change impacts on both yields and quality have increased over the past decades, with the effects of extreme climate events having the most dramatic and obvious impacts. Increasing length and intensity of heatwaves associated with increased water stress necessitates a reevaluation of climate change responses of grapevine and, ultimately, a reconsideration of vineyard management practices under future conditions. Here we summarize results from a three-year field trial manipulating irrigation prior to and during heatwave events to assess impacts of water application rates on vine health and physiology, berry chemistry, and wine quality. We also highlight potential mitigation strategies for extreme heat, both in terms of water application, as well as other cultural practices that could be widely applicable.

Could intermittent shading, as produced in agrivoltaics, mitigate global warming effects on grapevine?

Global warning increases evaporative demand and accelerates grapevine phenology. As a consequence, the ripening phase shifts to warmer and drier periods. This results in lower acidity and higher sugar levels in berries, yielding too alcoholic wines with altered organoleptic properties. Agrivoltaics, which combines crop and renewable energy production on the same land using photovoltaic panels, emerged as a promising innovation to counteract these impacts by partially shading the plants.

Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry: a promising technology for the high throughput phenotyping of grape berry volatilome

Wine grapes breeding has been concentrating a lot of efforts within the grape research community over the last decade. The quick phenotyping of genotype quality traits including aroma composition remains challenging. Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS), a technology first available in 2008 and developing rapidly, could be particularly valuable for this usage. The aims of this study were i) to use SIFT-MS, to analyze the whole volatilome from different grape varieties, ii) to assess the ability of this technology to discriminate varieties according to their grape aroma composition, and iii) to study the stability of SIFT-MS signal over maturation to define a sampling strategy.

VITIGEOSS Business Service: Task scheduling optimization in vineyards

Agriculture plantations are complex systems whose performance critically depends on the execution of several types of tasks with precise timing and efficiency to respond to different external factors. This is particularly true for orchards like vineyards, which need to be strictly monitored and regulated, as they are sensitive to diverse types of pests, and climate conditions. In these environments, managing and optimally scheduling the available work force and resources is not trivial and is usually done by teams of senior managers based on their experience. In this regard, having a baseline schedule could help them in the decision process and improve their results, in terms of time and resources spent.