terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Physiological means to curb the enthusiasm of viruses from infecting grapevines  

Physiological means to curb the enthusiasm of viruses from infecting grapevines  

Abstract

The two most deadly viruses infecting and threatening the productivity of grapevines worldwide are leafroll and red blotch viruses. There is no cure for viral diseases other than roguing the symptomatic vines and replacing them with certified vines derived from clean, virus-tested stocks. 
Given that phloem plays a central role in virus infection, this study aimed to purge the virus by girdling the phloem of leafroll-infected vines at different phenological stages of infected grapevines. Phloem-girdling was performed on canes at veraison to varying regions between the proximal and distal clusters. The vines responded to gridling by forming a callus to bridge the gap and restore vascular functionality. The whole lamina of the leaves above the girdled region turned red due to anthocyanin accumulation triggered by sugars confined to the leaf. This reddening was quite different from the reddening that typically occurs in the leafroll-infected vines, wherein the whole lamina turned red except for the lamina close to the major and minor veins, giving the impression of green veins. The girdled canes showed a low virus concentration compared to the ungirdled canes. Also, the primary metabolites, such as sugars, acids, and nitrogenous compounds, and the secondary metabolites, such as flavanols (tannins), flavonols, and anthocyanins desired for making wine did not vary much between the girdled and ungirdled shoots. This study showed that by girdling the phloem over several growing seasons can reduce the virus load in the infected vines, restoring the vine’s health.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Bhaskar Bondada*

Washington State University Tri-Cities, Wine Science Center, Richland, WA, USA

Contact the author*

Keywords

Acids, Anthocyanins, callus, girdling, phenolics, phloem, sugars

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Zoning of the Veneto region areas with Denomination of origin

To characterize in depth the enological productions according to the origin territories and to provide modern tools for the qualitative raising of the assorted typologies of wine produced, Veneto Agricoltura (the regional agency for the agriculture, forestry and food industry development), the Regional Government of Veneto (north-eastern Italy) and various Consortia of Producers have undertaken since 2002 a systematic classification of the viticultural territories by agro-ecological zoning to achieve a strategic project aimed to set Veneto as the first Italian region to have completed in a systematic and scientifically rigorous way the zoning of most of its Denomination of Origin areas.

The grapesim model: a model to better understand the complex interactions between carbon and nitrogen cycles in grapevines

Nitrogen fertilization is an important practice to guarantee vineyards sustainability and performance over years, while ensuring berry quality. However, achieving a precise nitrogen fertilization to meet specific objectives of production is difficult. There is a lack of knowledge on the impact of nitrogen fertilizers (soil/foliar; organic/mineral) and different levels of fertilization on the interactions between carbon and nitrogen cycles within the vine. Crop models may be useful in that purpose because they can provide new insights of the effects of fertilization in carbon and nitrogen storage. The objective of this study is to build a model to simulate grapevine carbon and nitrogen content in vines to evaluate the impact of different fertilization strategies in vine growth and yield.

Using remotely sensed (UAV) and in situ field measurements to describe grapevine canopy characteristics

Row orientation and canopy management are essential for high quality grapevine production. Microclimatic conditions of the leaves and fruits can be influenced by the canopy geometry. Remote sensing is a very promising tool to describe vegetative growth and physiological behavior of vineyards. However, the correlation between remotely sensed data and in situ field measurements has been described scarcely in the scientific literature so far. The aim of the study was to correlate remotely sensed data obtained with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with in situ field measurements to describe canopy structure.

Fluorescence spectroscopy with xgboost discriminant analysis for intraregional wine authentication

AIM: This study aimed to use simultaneous measurements of absorbance, transmittance, and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (A-TEEM) combined with chemometrics as a rapid method to authenticate wines from three vintages within a single geographical indication (GI) according to their subregional variations

Analisi delle modalita’ d’interazione tra conoscenza dl un territorio e gestione dei suoi aspetti enoturistici relativamente ad una regione (Toscana)

Il Turismo negli anni 2000 si appresta ad essere la più vasta ed estesa impresa presente nel mondo. Se a cio si aggiunge il fatto che il tempo libero risulta essere, per la maggior parte delle persone, la principale aspirazione da considerare ben oltre il proprio benessere eco­nomico, ci si rende conto del perché di una crescente domanda di ecoturismo. Un viaggiare sempre più accorto aile valenze ambientali e tipiche di un territorio.