Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Climate and mesoclimate zonification in the Miño valley (Galicia, NW Spain)

Climate and mesoclimate zonification in the Miño valley (Galicia, NW Spain)

Abstract

[English version below]

Galicia est une région située dans le Nord-Ouest de l’Espagne avec une longe tradition de culture de la vigne. A jour d’oui la vigne occupe en Galicia presque 28.500 ha, desquelles 8.100 correspondent aux 5 zones ayant droit à l’appellation DO (« Denominación de Origen ») équivalent aux AOC françaises. Les vignobles sont souvent localisés dans la partie moyenne et méridionale de la Vallée du Miño, bien que s’élaborent aussi vins de qualité dans les rivages atlantiques du sud-ouest et au val du Támega dans l’extrême sud-est. Le climat général est du type maritime tempéré avec d’influences océaniques que petit a petit sont remplacées pour des influences méditerranéennes et continentales, vers le sud et l’est de la région.
Le but de ce travail est évaluer les limites des DO galiciennes, en tenant conte l’évolution des techniques et indices de zonage climatique.
En préliminaire, les conditions climatiques ont été précisées d’un point de vue statistique (stations météo au sein des aires viticoles et stations limitrophes). Puis, plusieurs indices bioclimatiques proposées par la littérature vitivinicole ont été calcules. Le calcul a été opéré aussi sur les données apportées au cours des dernières 5 années pour le nouveau réseau de stations automatiques du Gouvernement régional.
L’élaboration et l’interprétation des résultats de l’analyse statistique ont permit de définir quatre zones agroclimatiques bien différentes au point de vue climatique. Ces résultats démontrent aussi que dans la DO Rías Baixas, il y a au moins deux zones avec conditions climatiques assez différentes. En outre, les données apportées par les nouvelles stations automatiques, on permit d’identifier quelques zones climatiques similaires -à l’échelle de mesoclimat- à l’intérieur des DO traditionnelles.

Galicia is a region in Northwest Spain and has a long viticulture heritage. Today about 28,500 hectares are dedicated to vine growing and, of these, 8.100 has are protected under 5 distinct denominations of origin. Most of these zones are situated in the southern and central part of the region in and around the river Miño valley. Some high quality wines are also produced on the southwest coast and in the river Támega valley. The climate of this area is mild, fresh maritime with strong influences from the Atlantic which gradually give way to Mediterranean and continental inland tendencies as one goes inland to the East.
The main aim of this article is to demonstrate the suitability of the classification of today’s Galician AOCs given the latest information on the field of Climatic Zoning.
For this purpose, standardized climate data provided by the Spanish and the Galician meteorological services have been utilized as well as data provided over the last five years by a new network of automatic weather posts that complete the previous network.
These data were used to calculate as series of climatic indices according to various methodologies. This information was later processed statistically to identify the most relevant factors in the differentiation of the vine growing areas.
Results confirmed the existence of four very clearly defined different viticulture climates. It was also shown that within the vine-growing zone of the Rías Baixas at least two sectors exist with quite distinct climatic conditions. Furthermore, the statistic processing of the information provided by the new automatic weather stations advanced research in climatic zoning permitting the identification of a series of typical mesoclimates that appear within the interior of the traditional viticulture zones.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

D. Blanco, C., Alvarez, M.P., García, and J.M., Queijeiro

Vigo University, Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Ourense Science Faculty, As Lagoas s/n 32004 Ourense, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Viticultural climatic characterization, viticultural zoning, mesoclimates, climatic indices

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

EUGENOL AS QUALITY MARKER OF WINES AND SPIRITS FROM HYBRID VINES: IMPACT OF DIFFERENT WINEMAKING AND DISTILLATION PROCESSES

Eugenol, widely spread in various plants notably cloves, basil and bay, was identified too in wines from hybrid grapes without contact with oak wood. This aromatic molecule presents a strong spicy note of clove and also antifongic properties. Eugenol was described as an endogenous compound of Baco blanc, from the grapes to the spirits of Armagnac area. Moreover, this compound is a chemical marker of Baco blanc products quality.
Influences of harvest time and different winemaking processes (settling, use of enzymatic preparations, lees content and stock time before distillation) on Baco blanc wine eugenol contents were explored using a two-levels full factorial Design of Experiments (DoEs).

What is the best soil for Sangiovese quality wine?

Sangiovese is one of the main cultivar in the Italian ampelographic outline and it occupies more than 60% of total vineyard surface in the Tuscany region. It is also well known that the environmental

IMPACT OF GRAPE-ASSOCIATED MOLDS IN FRESH MUSHROOM AROMA PRODUCTION

Mycobiota encountered from vine to wine is a complex and diversified ecosystem that may impact grape quality at harvest and the sensorial properties of wines, thus leading to off-flavors [1-3]. Among known off-flavors in wine, fresh mushroom aroma (FMA) has been linked to some mold species, naturally pre-sent on grapes, producing specific volatile organic compounds (VOC) [4-5]. The most well-known are 1-octen-3-ol and 1-octen-3-one, although many other VOC are likely involved. To better understand the FMA defect, biotic and abiotic factors impacting growth kinetics and VOC production of selected fungal species in must media and on grapes were studied.

The sensory features of the landscapes

When someone watches a hilly landscape, the image beauty creates emotions and frames of mind not easily forgettable, but sometimes man’s intervention by means of soil movement and reduction of the natural biodiversity can significantly modify the landscape and consequently the above-mentioned emotions. One speculates if sensory appreciation of a wine may be strongly affected by psychological factor: landscape beauty.

Olfactometric and sensory study of red wines subjected to ultrasound or microwaves during their elaboration

The effect that some extraction techniques, such as ultrasound (Cacciola, Batllò, Ferraretto, Vincenzi, & Celotti, 2013; Povey & McClements, 1988) or microwaves (Carew, Close, & Dambergs, 2015; Carew, Gill, Close, & Dambergs, 2014) produce on the aroma of red wines, when applied to processes of extractive nature, such as pre-fermentative maceration or ageing with oak chips (Spanish oak – Quercus pyrenaica and French oak – Quercus robur) has been studied. The volatile profile was determined by means of gas chromatography coupled with olfactometric and mass spectrometric detection. A sensory analysis was also carried out. No indications were found to show that the pre-fermentative treatment with microwaves or ultrasound modified the sensory profile of the wines whereas the application of such energies during the ageing phase showed some positive trends at sensory level.