Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Apports des mesures de résistivité électrique du sol dans les études sur le fonctionnement de la vigne et dans la spatialisation parcellaire

Apports des mesures de résistivité électrique du sol dans les études sur le fonctionnement de la vigne et dans la spatialisation parcellaire

Abstract

[English version below]

La mesure de la résistivité électrique des sols est une technique non destructive, spatialement intégrante, utilisée depuis peu en viticulture. L’utilisation d’appareils de mesures performant et de logiciels adaptés permet de traiter les données afin de pouvoir visualiser en deux ou trois dimensions les variations de textures ou d’humidité d’un sol.
La résistivimétrie électrique est testée depuis deux ans à l’Unité Vigne et Vin du Centre INRA d’Angers pour étudier l’alimentation hydrique de la vigne. Les techniques classiques qui permettent de mesurer quantitativement l’état hydrique du sol sont trop peu représentatives du volume de sol réellement prospecté par les racines. Les mesures de résistivité électrique autorisent en revanche une spatialisation précise des zones d’activités racinaires préférentielles, le volume de sol soumis au prélèvement des racines peut ainsi être mieux appréhendé. Cette technique permet une visualisation des zones de dessèchement préférentiel, et pour certains types de sols, elle permet également de quantifier l’eau disponible. Il est également possible de visualiser en temps réel les effets d’une pluie ou d’une sécheresse au travers de la sollicitation des racines ainsi que d’appréhender les effets de l’enherbement ou de différents porte-greffes sur l’alimentation hydrique de la vigne.
La résistivimétrie électrique peut également être appliquée en viticulture de précision puisqu’elle permet d’affiner la cartographie pédologique d’une parcelle. Le choix de l’emplacement de fosses pédologiques ou la localisation des différents porte-greffes pour la plantation peuvent être des applications directes de cette cartographie géophysique.
L’utilisation des techniques de géophysiques telles que la résistivimétrie électrique du sol peut donc aussi bien servir la recherche que devenir un outil de spatialisation pour la viticulture de précision, d’autant plus que les avancées technologiques récentes dans ce domaine permettent désormais une utilisation plus aisée des différents appareils de mesure.

The measurement of soil electric resistivity, as a non destructive, spatially integrative technique, has recently been introduced into viticulture. The use of performing equipment and adapted software allows for rapid data processing and gives the possibility to visualise the variations of soil texture or humidity in two or three dimensions.
Soil electric resistivity has been tested for the last two years at the Experimental Unit on Grapevine and Vine, INRA, Angers, France, to study the water supply to the vine in different “terroir” conditions. The classical techniques that allow to quantify the soil water status do not give access to the volume of soil explored by the root system. On the contrary, measurements of soil electric resistivity permit to visualise precisely the zones of preferential grapevine root activity. In some types of soil, available water may even be quantified. It is also possible to monitor in real time the effects of rain or drought through root solicitation, as well as the effects of soil management (inter-row grassing) or different rootstocks on the water supply to the vine.
When applied to precision viticulture, electric resistivity can be used to refine the geo-pedological cartography of a given plot. The choice of sites for pedological studies or the assistance for selection of rootstocks are direct applications of this cartography.
The use of geophysical techniques such as soil electric resistivity constitutes a tool for the use of both scientists and adepts of precision viticulture. Recent technological developments are now facilitating the use of these equipments.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

E. Goulet (1) et G. Barbeau (2)

(1) Cellule « Terroirs Viticoles », Confédération des Vignerons du Val de Loire, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex
(2) Unité Vigne et Vin, INRA, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex

Contact the author

Keywords

Vigne, sol, résistivité électrique, alimentation hydrique, spatialisation 
grapevine, soil, electric resistivity, water supply, spatial land distribution 

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

1H-NMR-based Untargeted Metabolomics to assess the impact of soil type on the chemical composition of Mediterranean red wines

Untargeted metabolomics has proven to be an effective method to study the impact of the terroir on metabolic profile of wines. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different soil types on the chemical composition of Mediterranean red wines, through 1H-NMR metabolomics combined with chemometrics.Grapes from Nero d’Avola L. red cultivar cultivated on four different soil types were separately vinified to obtain four different red wines.One milliliter of raw wine was analyzed by means of a Bruker Avance II 400 spectrometer operating at 400.15 MHz

The grapesim model: a model to better understand the complex interactions between carbon and nitrogen cycles in grapevines

Nitrogen fertilization is an important practice to guarantee vineyards sustainability and performance over years, while ensuring berry quality. However, achieving a precise nitrogen fertilization to meet specific objectives of production is difficult. There is a lack of knowledge on the impact of nitrogen fertilizers (soil/foliar; organic/mineral) and different levels of fertilization on the interactions between carbon and nitrogen cycles within the vine. Crop models may be useful in that purpose because they can provide new insights of the effects of fertilization in carbon and nitrogen storage. The objective of this study is to build a model to simulate grapevine carbon and nitrogen content in vines to evaluate the impact of different fertilization strategies in vine growth and yield.

Transforming winemaking waste: grape pomace as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds

Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) are plants of great economic importance, with over 80% of grape production dedicated to wine production, yielding more than 258 million hectoliters annually [1].

Application of high power ultrasounds during red wine vinification

Wine color is one of the main organoleptic characteristics influencing its quality. It is of especial interest in red vinifications due to the economic resources that wineries have to invest for the extraction of the phenolic compounds responsible of wine color, compounds that are mainly located inside the skin cell vacuoles. Moreover, these phenolic compounds not only influence color but also other organoleptic properties such as body, mouthfeel, astringency and flavour. The transference of phenolic compounds from grapes to must during vinification is closely related with the type of grapes and the winemaking technique.

Impact of enological enzymes on aroma profile of Prosecco wines during second fermentation and sur lie aging

Proseccco is a famous italian Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) produced in two regions: Veneto e Friuli Venezia Giulia, however, the production is mainly concentrated in the province of Treviso. These territories are characterized by plains with some hilly areas and temperate climate. Its Production regulation provides a minimum utilization of 85% of Glera grapes, a local white grape variety, and up to a maximum of 15% of other local and international varieties. Prosecco second fermentation takes place, according to the Charmat method, in autoclaves.