Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Outils de caracterisation et zonage des paysages viticoles: application aux vignobles français

Outils de caracterisation et zonage des paysages viticoles: application aux vignobles français

Abstract

[English version below]

Un paysage viticole est une relation entre des formes, dimension objective, et la perception que nous en avons, dimension subjective, émotionnelle. La viticulture n’est pas seulement productrice d’un vin, elle contribue également à façonner le paysage. Pourtant, jusqu’à présent, la connaissance des terroirs était principalement basée sur la caractérisation de leur aptitude à produire des vins de qualité.
Une méthodologie d’étude globale du paysage a été validée sur un site pilote champenois durant l’été 2003. Elle associait les acteurs du monde viticole et des collectivités territoriales au développement de la démarche paysagère locale. Elle liait l’étude sensible du paysage à la prise en compte du volet environnemental associé au terroir (ruissellement, érosion, biodiversité…).
L’élaboration de telles méthodologies nécessite la formalisation d’outil de caractérisation et de zonage des paysages viticoles.
Les principales données permettant de caractériser un paysage (cartographie, photos aériennes, données satellites, relevés de terrains bloc diagramme, données économiques …) sont décrites et présentées à partir de cas concrets.
Les principaux outils paysagers d’analyse et de communication, tels les sorties terrains ou un Système d’Information Géographique ont été étudiés.
Au final, l’objectif est de réaliser une « boîte à outils » permettant à différents niveaux d’échelle (national, régional, local) d’alimenter les démarches paysagères et environnementales, associées aux territoires viticoles.

Vineyard landscapes are a relationship between shapes which are objective and the perception that one has of them, which is subjective and emotional. Without this relationship, landscapes cannot exist. Vine farming does not only produce wine, it also contributes to design landscapes. Yet, so far, geographical specificities were essentially based on the characterisation of their ability to produce quality wine.
A comprehensive landscape study methodology was validated on a champagne pilot-site in summer 2003. It associated a sensitive landscape study to the environmental issues (runoff, erosion, biodiversity) and involved vine farmers and the district laborating such a methodology requires to formalise characterisation and zoning tools for vineyards landscapes.
The main landscape characterisation data are described and presented through case studies (cartography, air photographs, satellite data, site measures, economical data).
The main analysis and communication landscape tools, such as geographic information systems and onsite visits were studies. Finally, the aim is to create a tool box allowing vineyard landscape and environmental management on a local, regional and national scale.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

J. Rochard, A. Lasnier, C. Boiget, O. Cormier

ITV France –pôle environnement –unité d’Epernay-17 rue Jean Chandon Moët BP20046
51202 EPERNAY cedex

Contact the author

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Mapping grapevine metabolites in response to pathogen challenge: a Mass Spectrometry Imaging approach

Every year, viticulture is facing several outbreaks caused by established diseases, such as downy mildew and grey mould, which possess different life cycles and modes of infection. To cope with these different aggressors, grapevine must recognize them and arm itself with an arsenal of defense strategies.
The regulation of secondary metabolites is one of the first reactions of plants upon pathogen challenge. Their rapid biosynthesis can highly contribute to strengthen the defense mechanisms allowing the plant to adapt, defend and survive.

Identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species preferentially associated with grapevine roots inoculated with commercial bioinoculants 

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with plant roots and can help plants acquire nutrients from the soil in exchange for photosynthetic carbon. Commercial bioinoculants containing AMF are widely available and represent a potential opportunity to reduce the dependence of grapevines on agrochemicals. However, which commercially available AMF species colonize vine roots and affect vine growth remains unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the AMF species from commercial bioinoculants that colonize grapevine roots using high-throughput sequencing, and to evaluate the performance of five commercial bioinoculants and their effects on own-rooted Cabernet sauvignon.

The 1000 grapevine genomes project: Cataloguing Australia’s grapevine germplasm

Grapevine cultivars can be unequivocally typed by both physical differences (ampelography) and genetic tests. However due to their very similar characteristics, the identification of clones within a cultivar relies on the accurate tracing of supply records to the point of origin. Such records are not always available or reliable, particularly for older accessions. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) provides the most highly detailed methodology for defining grapevine cultivars and more importantly, this can be extended to differentiating clones within those cultivars.

Hormone metabolism regulates fruit maturation in a slow ripening grape genotype

Context and purpose of the study. Rising temperatures and prolonged heat accelerate berry sugar accumulation in advance of the accumulation of compounds responsible for aroma, colour and mouthfeel.

Relationship between soil and grapevine variety in the wineyard of Jura: example for the “Trousseau” variety from the “Terroir” of Montigny-Lès-Arsures (France)

Seven plots located in the commune of Montigny-lès-Arsures (Jura, 39), planted with grapevine varieties Trousseau and Savagnin, were chosen for a study of soil pits and a distribution of major and trace chemical elements in soils and wines. It was shown that the mineral matrix of the soil reflects the geological substratum and the sub-surface alteration process, while the organic soil matrix depends on agro-viticultural practices.