Zoning for drinking, tasting the territory place (“Great Zonation”): first considerations and methodology

Una de las biotecnologías más potentes para disminuir el pH en vinos de zonas cálidas y en variedades de pH elevado es el uso de la levadura no-saccharomyces lachancea thermotolerans. Esta especie es capaz de formar ácido láctico a partir de azúcares, reduciendo al mismo tiempo ligeramente el grado alcohólico. Por lo tanto, mejora dos de los principales problemas de los vinos de regiones afectadas por el calentamiento global. El ácido láctico es un ácido orgánico con una buena integración sensorial en el sabor del vino, y también química y biológicamente estable durante el envejecimiento del vino.

In California vineyards, irrigation is considered as one of the most important decisions growers will make. Recent research has revealed that decisions of when to begin irrigation and how much water to apply have considerable consequences for final grape quality and hence wine quality. However, it is unclear whether and to what extent the average winegrape grower uses objective data to begin irrigating or to determine the amount of water to apply.

The Fresh Mushroom Off-Flavor (FMOff) is a concerning undesirable aroma in wine specific of certain vintages, characterized by a typical button mushroom aroma. The appearance of this off-flavor is linked to the presence of certain fungus on the grape [1-3].

Barolo DOCG is an economically important wine producing region in Northwest Italy. It is a small region of approximately 70 km2 gross area. The topography is very complex with steep sloped hills ranging in elevation from below 200 m to 550 m. Barolo DOCG wine is made exclusively from the Nebbiolo grape. Bioclimatic indexes are often used in viticulture to gain a better understanding of broader climate trends which can be compared temporally and geographically. These indexes are also used for identifying potential phenological timing, growing region suitability, and potential risks associated with expected climatic changes. Understanding how topography influences bioclimatic indexes can help with understanding of mesoscale climate behaviour leading to improved decision making and risk management strategies. The average monthly maximum and minimum temperatures, the Cool Night Index, the Huglin Index, and the monthly diurnal range (from July to October) were calculated using data from 45 weather stations within a 40 km radius of the Barolo DOCG growing area between the years 1996 and 2019. Linear and multiple regression models were developed using independent variables (elevation, aspect, slope) extracted from a digital elevation model to identify significant relationships. Bioclimatic indexes were then kriged with external drift using independent variables that showed significant relationships with the bioclimatic index using a 100 m resolution grid. The maximum monthly temperatures and the Huglin Index showed consistent significant negative relationships with elevation in all years. The minimum monthly temperatures showed no relationship with elevation but in some months a small but significant relationship was observed with aspect. Due to the lack of a relationship between minimum monthly temperatures and elevation compared to the significant relationship between maximum monthly temperatures and elevation, monthly diurnal range had a negative relationship with elevation.

In field conditions, grapevine roots are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Little is known about the species composition of AMF communities associated to grapevine.