Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Hierarchy of the role of climate, soil and cultivar in terroir effect can largely be explained by vine water status

Hierarchy of the role of climate, soil and cultivar in terroir effect can largely be explained by vine water status

Abstract

Le terroir peut être défini comme un écosystème dans lequel la vigne interagit avec le climat et le sol et dont la résultante est le vin. Dans ce travail, les trois principaux composants de l’effet terroir, à savoir le climat, le sol et le cépage ont été étudié simultanément. Le développement de la vigne et la constitution du raisin de Vitis vinifera L. cv Merlot, Cabernet franc et Cabernet-Sauvignon ont été comparés sur trois parcelles non irriguées, comportant respectivement un sol graveleux (G), un sol à sous-sol très argileux (C) et un sol sableux à nappe d’eau à portée des racines (S). L’effet du climat a été étudié à partir des variations climatiques annuelles (effet millésime) sur la période 1996-2003. Les effets du climat, du sol et du cépage ont été hautement significatif sur la plupart des variables mesurées. Sur une majorité de variables, l’effet du climat a été plus important que l’effet du sol et du cépage. La plupart des variables sont corrélées à l’intensité du déficit hydrique, qui a été évalué par la mesure du potentiel foliaire de base et par la mesure de la discrimination isotopique du carbone 13 sur les sucres du moût (δ13C). L’effet du climat et du sol semblent agir principalement par leur incidence sur le régime hydrique de la vigne.

Terroir can be defined as an interactive ecosystem, in a given place, including climate, soil and the vine. The three main components of terroir effect, soil, climate and cultivar, have been studied simultaneously. Vine development and berry composition of non-irrigated Vitis vinifera L. cv Merlot, Cabernet franc and Cabernet-Sauvignon were compared on a gravely soil (G), a soil with a heavy clay sub soil (C) and a sandy soil with a water table within the reach of the roots (S). The influence of climate was assessed with year-to-year climatic variations (vintage effect) over the period 1996 to 2003. Effects of climate, soil and cultivar on vine behaviour and berry ripening were highly significant. On most variables, the impact of climate was greater than the effect of soil and cultivar. Most variables were correlated with the intensity of vine water stress, which was assessed by measurements of pre-dawn leaf water potential and carbon isotope discrimination measured on grape sugar (δ13C). It is likely that the effect of climate and soil on fruit quality is mediated through their influence on vine water status.

DOI:

Publication date: January 13, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

C. van Leeuwen (1), P. Friant (1), M.-E. Jaeck (1) S. Kuhn (1) and O. Lavialle

(1) ENITA de Bordeaux, 1, Crs du G n ral de Gaulle, BP 201, 33175 Gradignan-cedex, France

Contact the author

Keywords

terroir, soil, climate, cultivar, vine, Vitis vinifera, Merlot, Cabernet franc, Cabernet-Sauvignon, water deficit, leaf water potential

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Mechanisms responsible for different susceptibility of grapevine varieties to flavescence dorée

Flavescence dorée (FD) is the most serious grapevine yellows disease in Europe. It is caused by phytoplasmas which are transmitted from grapevine to grapevine by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus.

First step in the preparation of a soil map of the Protected Designation of Origin Valdepeñas (Central, Spain)

This work is a first step to make a map of vineyard soils. The characterization of the soils of the Protected Designation of Origin (D.P.O.) Valdepeñas will allow to group the studied profiles according to their physico-chemical characteristics and the concentrations of most relevant chemical elements. 90 soil profiles were analysed throughout the territory and the soils were sampled and described according to FAO (2006) and classified according to and Soil Taxonomy (2014). All samples were air dried, sieved and some physico-chemical parameters were determined following standard protocols. Also, major and trace elements were analysed by X-ray fluorescence. The statistically study was made using the SPSS program. Trend maps were made using the ArcGIS program. The studied soils have the following average properties: pH, 8.3; electrical conductivity, 0,20 dS/m (low); clay, 18.8% (medium) and CaCO3, 17.1% (high). In the study for the major elements. The major elements of these soils are Si, followed by Ca and Al, with an average content of 203.7 g/kg, 105.5 g/kg and 74.0 g/kg respectively. On the other hand, 27 trace elements have been studied. Of all of them, it can be highlighted the average values of Ba (361.8 mg/kg), Sr (129.3 mg/kg), Rb (83.4 mg/kg), V (74.2 mg/kg) and Ce (70.6 mg/kg). Ba, V and Ce values are higher and the values of Sr and Rb are lower to those found in the literature. The discriminant analysis shows a percentage of grouping of 91%. The content of chemical elements together with the physico-chemical characteristics allows grouping the soils in 4 group according to their order in the classification to Soil Taxonomy; due to the importance of the Calcisols in Castilla-La Mancha, it has been decided to establish them as their own group even if they do not appear in Soil Taxonomy classification.

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming

Indice bioclimatique de qualité Fregoni

La viticulture dans le monde est sous l’étroite dépendance des conditions climatiques. En effet, la culture de la vigne est concentrée entre 30° et 50° de latitude Nord et 30° à 40° de latitude Sud

CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID RED WINE COLOR IN RELATION TO ANTHOCYANIN PROFILE AND CHEMICAL COLOR PARAMETERS

Interspecific hybrid winegrapes are of growing interest in the context of climate change based on their disease resistance and cold hardiness. In addition to a need for increased understanding of their chemical composition, there is little empirical evidence on the consumer perception of non-vinifera wine. Phenolic compounds, and particularly color, play an important organoleptic and quality determination role in wine, but can vary significantly in interspecific hybrid wines compared to wines produced from Vitis vinifera cultivars [1, 2, 3]. Anecdotally, the variation in anthocyanin species, interactions, and concentrations in interspecific hybrids could result in a variance from“vinifera-like” wine color.