Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Contribution du potentiel glycosidique à l’arôme des vins de Grenache noir et Syrah en Vallée du Rhône

Contribution du potentiel glycosidique à l’arôme des vins de Grenache noir et Syrah en Vallée du Rhône

Abstract

Grenache Noir and Syrah are the predominant grape varieties in the French Rhone valley vineyard, and produce wines with well differentiated aromatic notes. This study aimed at investigating the contribution of glycoconjugated precursors to these aromatic specificities, through their analytical profiles and the sensory influence of the odorant compounds they release during wine aging. The aglycones released by enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosidic extracts from grape were quantified using GC-MS analysis, and the profiles of both varieties were compared for different geographical sites of the French Rhone valley vineyard, and for three consecutive years. Moreover, the wines elaborated with different grapes were added with their own glycosides, then submitted to aging treatments prior to sensory descriptive analysis. The results showed that addition with glycosidic precursors enhanced the initial aromatic notes of the wines, depending on grape variety and vine site. The aglycone profiles of the grapes of the two varieties showed significant differences for half of the quantified compounds, and were influenced by vintage and vine site. It therefore appeared that glycosidic precursors could actually contribute to the aging aromas of Grenache Noir and Syrah wines, and to the complex interactions between variety and terroir.
Le Grenache Noir et la Syrah sont les cépages les plus répandus dans le vignoble français de la vallée du Rhône, et produisent des vins bien différenciés d’un point de vue aromatique. L’objectif de cette étude est de cerner la contribution des précurseurs glycosidiques à ces spécificités aromatiques, à travers leurs profils analytiques et l’influence sensorielle des composés odorants qu’ils génèrent au cours du vieillissement des vins. Les aglycones libérées par hydrolyse enzymatique des extraits glycosidiques des baies ont été quantifiées par analyse en GC-MS, et les profils des deux variétés ont été comparés pour différents terroirs de la vallée du Rhône, et trois millésimes consécutifs. Par ailleurs, les vins élaborés à partir de ces raisins ont été enrichis en leurs propres précurseurs, puis soumis à des traitements de vieillissement avant une analyse sensorielle descriptive. Les résultats montrent que l’enrichissement en glycosides intensifie les notes aromatiques initiales des vins, avec un effet dépendant du cépage et du site d’implantation de la vigne. Les profils d’aglycones des baies des deux variétés présentent des différences significatives portant sur la moitié des composés quantifiés, et apparaissent influencés par le millésime et le site d’implantation. Cette étude montre ainsi que les précurseurs glycosidiques pourraient participer à l’arôme de vieillissement des vins de Grenache Noir et Syrah, et aux interactions complexes entre cépage et terroir.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

M. Ségurel (1,2), R. Baumes (1), C. Riou (2), A. Razungles (1)

(1) UMR Sciences pour l’œnologie, INRA, 2 place Viala, 34060 MONTPELLIER Cedex 1
(2) INTER RHONE, Interprofession des vins AOC Côtes-du-Rhône et vallée du Rhône, 2260 route du Grès, 84100 ORANGE

Contact the author

Keywords

Wine, grape, Grenache noir, Syrah, aroma, glycoconjugate, sensory analysis, volatile

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Outside and inside grapevine roots: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in a ‘nebbiolo’ vineyard 

In field conditions, grapevine roots are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Little is known about the species composition of AMF communities associated to grapevine.

Evolution of oak barrels C-glucosidic ellagitannins

During oak wood contact, wine undergoes important modifications that modulate its organoleptic quality and complexity, including its aroma, structure, astringency, bitterness and color. Vescalagin and castalagin are the two main C-glucosidic ellagitannins found in oak wood used for wine aging wood but lyxose/xylose derivatives (grandinin and roburin e) and dimeric forms (roburins a,b, c and d) are also present. The presence of several hydroxyl groups in the ortho-positions at the periphery of the structure of the ellagitannin isomers allows these molecules to undergo oxidation or condensation reactions with other compounds.

Rootstock differences in soil-water uptake during drying-wetting cycles imaged with 3d electrical resistivity tomography

Limited knowledge has been acquired on grapevine roots and rhizosphere processes because of harder access when compared to aerial parts. There is need for new methods to study root behavior in undisturbed field conditions, and relate these effects on canopy and yield. The aim of this multidisciplinary study was to image and quantify spatial-temporal differences in soil-water uptake by genetically different rootstocks and to assess the response of the canopy during drought and rewetting.

Metabolomics for grape and wine research: exploring the contributions of amino acids to wine flavour

A critical aspect of wine quality is the overall expression of wine flavour, which is formed by the interplay of volatile aroma compounds, their precursors, and taste and matrix components.
Grapes directly contribute to wine only a small number of potent aroma compounds, and the unique
sensory attributes and perceived quality of a wine result from combining 100s of metabolites of grapes, yeast and bacteria, and oak wood.

Characterization of a unique mannan from Starmerella bacillaris for protein stabilization in white wine

Yeast cell wall components are valuable biotechnological tools with applications in oenology and beyond [1], [2].