Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Contribution du potentiel glycosidique à l’arôme des vins de Grenache noir et Syrah en Vallée du Rhône

Contribution du potentiel glycosidique à l’arôme des vins de Grenache noir et Syrah en Vallée du Rhône

Abstract

Grenache Noir and Syrah are the predominant grape varieties in the French Rhone valley vineyard, and produce wines with well differentiated aromatic notes. This study aimed at investigating the contribution of glycoconjugated precursors to these aromatic specificities, through their analytical profiles and the sensory influence of the odorant compounds they release during wine aging. The aglycones released by enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosidic extracts from grape were quantified using GC-MS analysis, and the profiles of both varieties were compared for different geographical sites of the French Rhone valley vineyard, and for three consecutive years. Moreover, the wines elaborated with different grapes were added with their own glycosides, then submitted to aging treatments prior to sensory descriptive analysis. The results showed that addition with glycosidic precursors enhanced the initial aromatic notes of the wines, depending on grape variety and vine site. The aglycone profiles of the grapes of the two varieties showed significant differences for half of the quantified compounds, and were influenced by vintage and vine site. It therefore appeared that glycosidic precursors could actually contribute to the aging aromas of Grenache Noir and Syrah wines, and to the complex interactions between variety and terroir.
Le Grenache Noir et la Syrah sont les cépages les plus répandus dans le vignoble français de la vallée du Rhône, et produisent des vins bien différenciés d’un point de vue aromatique. L’objectif de cette étude est de cerner la contribution des précurseurs glycosidiques à ces spécificités aromatiques, à travers leurs profils analytiques et l’influence sensorielle des composés odorants qu’ils génèrent au cours du vieillissement des vins. Les aglycones libérées par hydrolyse enzymatique des extraits glycosidiques des baies ont été quantifiées par analyse en GC-MS, et les profils des deux variétés ont été comparés pour différents terroirs de la vallée du Rhône, et trois millésimes consécutifs. Par ailleurs, les vins élaborés à partir de ces raisins ont été enrichis en leurs propres précurseurs, puis soumis à des traitements de vieillissement avant une analyse sensorielle descriptive. Les résultats montrent que l’enrichissement en glycosides intensifie les notes aromatiques initiales des vins, avec un effet dépendant du cépage et du site d’implantation de la vigne. Les profils d’aglycones des baies des deux variétés présentent des différences significatives portant sur la moitié des composés quantifiés, et apparaissent influencés par le millésime et le site d’implantation. Cette étude montre ainsi que les précurseurs glycosidiques pourraient participer à l’arôme de vieillissement des vins de Grenache Noir et Syrah, et aux interactions complexes entre cépage et terroir.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

M. Ségurel (1,2), R. Baumes (1), C. Riou (2), A. Razungles (1)

(1) UMR Sciences pour l’œnologie, INRA, 2 place Viala, 34060 MONTPELLIER Cedex 1
(2) INTER RHONE, Interprofession des vins AOC Côtes-du-Rhône et vallée du Rhône, 2260 route du Grès, 84100 ORANGE

Contact the author

Keywords

Wine, grape, Grenache noir, Syrah, aroma, glycoconjugate, sensory analysis, volatile

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Vineyard soil mapping to optimise wine quality: from ‘terroir’ characterisation to vineyard management

In this study, a soil mapping methodology at subplot level (scale 1:5000) for vineyard soils was developed. The aim of this mapping method was to establish mapping units, which could be used as basic units for ‘terroir’ characterisation and vineyard management (precision viticulture).

Variability of Tempranillo grape quality within the Ribera del Duero do (Spain) and relationships with climatic characteristics

The aim of this research was to evaluate the variability of ripening characteristics of the Tempranillo variety within the Ribera del Duero Designation of Origin (Spain) and it relationships with soil characteristics

Photoselective shade films affect grapevine berry secondary metabolism and wine composition

Grapevine physiology and production are challenged by forecasted increases in temperature and water deficits. Within this scenario, photoselective overhead shade films are promising tools in warm viticulture areas to overcome climate change related factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape berry to solar radiation overexposure and optimize shade film use for berry integrity. A randomized complete block design field study was conducted across two years (2020-2021) in Oakville, Napa Valley, CA, with four shade films (D1, D3, D4, D5) differing in the percent of radiation spectra transmitted and compared to an uncovered control (C0). Integrals for gas exchange parameters and mid-day stem water potential were unaffected by the shade films in 2020 and 2021. By harvest, berries from uncovered and shaded vines did not differ in their size or primary metabolism in either year. Despite precipitation exclusion during the dormant season in the shaded treatments, yield did not differ between them and the control in either season. In 2020, total skin anthocyanins (mg/g fresh mass) in the shaded treatments was greater than C0 during berry ripening and at harvest. Conversely, flavonol concentrations in 2020 were reduced in shaded vines compared to C0. The 2020 growing season highlighted the impact of heat degradation on flavonoids. Flavonoid concentrations in 2021 increased until harvest while flavonoid degradation was apparent from veraison to harvest in 2020 across shaded and control vines. Wine analyses highlighted the importance of light spectra to modify wine composition. Wine color intensity, tonality and anthocyanin values were enhanced in D4 whereas antioxidant properties were enhanced in C0 and D5 wines. Altogether, our results highlighted the need of new approaches in warm viticulture areas given the impact that composition of light has on berry and wine quality.

Canopy photosynthetic activity and water relations of Syrah/R99 as affected by row orientation on a particular terroir

L’activité photosynthétique et les relations hydriques de plantes de Syrah sur R99 un mois après la véraison ont été étudiées dans un vignoble de la région de Stellenbosch. Le vignoble, planté à 2,75 entre rangs et 1,5 m sur le rang, sur un sol de type Glenrosa, était en pente et exposé a l’ouest: pour les rangs on avait adopté une orientation nord

Apports des mesures de résistivité électrique du sol dans les études sur le fonctionnement de la vigne et dans la spatialisation parcellaire

La mesure de la résistivité électrique des sols est une technique non destructive, spatialement intégrante, utilisée depuis peu en viticulture. L’utilisation d’appareils de mesures performant et de logiciels adaptés permet de traiter les données afin de pouvoir visualiser en deux ou trois dimensions les variations de textures ou d’humidité d’un sol.