Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 On the relationship between climate and “terroir” at different spatial scales: the input of new methodological tools

On the relationship between climate and “terroir” at different spatial scales: the input of new methodological tools

Abstract

Un grand nombre de travaux ont été consacrés à la mise en éyidence et à la quantification de l’effet du climat sur la qualité de la production viticole. IIs ont permis de caractériser les grands types de production à une large échelle géographique, et d’en évaluer les variations interannuelles au niveau des millésimes. Lorsqu’on souhaite apprécier cependant les particularités au niveau des terroirs locaux, cette influence du climat devient plus délicate à apprécier. Il faut alors prendre en compte les variations spatiales du climat local à une échelle intermédiaire, ainsi que les caractéristiques microclimatiques au niveau de la parcelle viticole, qui sont fortement conditionnées par la situation topographique et le paysage environnant (brise-vent, par ex) ainsi que par l’interaction complexe avec le type de sol (par le biais de ses caractéristiques thermiques et hydriques) et avec les techniques culturales. A cette échelle fine, des moyens nouveaux d’approche méthodologique sont présentés:
– la mise en œuvre de modèles de simulations de la culture, incluant si possible le fonctionnement thermique et hydrique du système sol-plante-atmosphère,
– d’autre part, l’utilisation des outils de télédétection ( en particulier dans l’infrarouge thermique), pour caractériser l’environnement thermique aux différentes échelles concernées.
Les possibilités d’application de ces méthodes sont brièvement présentées, et la conclusion aborde les questions posées par les impacts d’un réchauffement climatique à prendre en compte pour les prochaines décennies.

A large number of studies have been devoted to the quantitative assessment of climate effects upon the quality of vineyard production. They have allowed to broadly characterize the main features of the most important wine production regions, as well as to evaluate their interannual variations (“millesime”). However, when it is needed to focus on smaller scales in order to take into account local features of so-called “terroirs”, the influence of climate is more difficult to assess. In an intermediate scale, spatial variations of local climate elements have to be considered. At the smaller scales (individual fields), the characteristics of microclimate have to be considered: they combine the possible influence of local topography and surrounding landscape (shelterbelts, for instance) and the resulting effects of the complex interaction with soil type (by the way of thermal and hydric properties) and cultural practices. At this fine scale, new methodological tools may be considered:
– the use of crop simulation models, if possible including the description of the thermal and hydric characteristics of the soil-plant-atmosphere system,
– the input of remote sensing ( especially thermal infrared bands) in order to characterize the thermal environment at different scales.
The possibilities and limits of these new tools are briefly presented and the questions raised by the possible impact of a global warming to be considered for the coming decades are presented in conclusion.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002 

Type: Article

Authors

B. SEGUIN

INRA-Centre d’Avignon
Site Agroparc, domaine St Paul 84914 Avignon cedex 9

Keywords

terroir, climat, qualité, modélisation, télédétection
“terroir”, climate, quality, modelling, remote sensing

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

The landscape in the development of vineyard regions: an application to the ACO Dão and ACO Bairrada (Central Portugal)

The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of landscapes in the notoriety and marketing of wines and in tourism promotion, specifically in the case of two centenary Portuguese demarcated regions

Application of ultrasonic and refractometric measurements in enological samples and related model solutions

AIM: The refractive index is a basic optical property of materials and a key tool for the determination of major components in musts, such as sugars

Identification and quantification of c-glucosidic ellagitannins and their derivative in red wine aged in oak barrels

The C-glycosidic ellagitannins constitute a subclass of hydrolyzable tannins of remarkable structural diversity. In this work we first achieved the hemisynthesis of flavano-ellagitannins, then we used them to develop a new efficient detection and quantification procedure for the C-glycosidic ellagitannins as well as flavano-ellagitannins.

Phenolic profile of fungus-resistant varieties (PIWIs) for red wine production

Context and Purpose of the Study. PIWI grape varieties (Pilzwiderstandsfähig, fungus-resistant) offer innovative solutions for sustainable viticulture by addressing environmental challenges faced by traditional Vitis vinifera.

Vineyard yield estimation using image analysis: assessing bunch occlusions and its dependency on fruiting zone canopy features

Performing accurate vineyard yield estimation is of upmost importance as it provides important benefits to the whole vine and wine industry. Recently, image-analysis approaches have been explored to address this issue however this approach has as main challenge the bunch occlusion, mostly by vegetation but also by neighboring bunches. The present work aims at assessing the magnitude of bunch occlusion by neighboring bunches and to evaluate its dependency on a selection of vegetative and reproductive vine parameters assessed at fruiting zone. Forty vine segments (1 m) of two vineyard plots of the white cultivars ‘Alvarinho’ and ‘Arinto’ were assessed for vegetative and reproductive features at fruiting zone and imaged with a 2D camera.