Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Rapid measurement of phenolic quality as a useful tool for viticultural zoning

Rapid measurement of phenolic quality as a useful tool for viticultural zoning

Abstract

Un des principaux objectifs du zonage viticole est l’individuation des zones plus indiquées à la production de vins de haute qualité en relation aux cépages. Ceperrlant depuis beaucqup d’années, entre les paramètres de qualité du raisin, on n’a pas considéré les substances phénoliques par effet de l!l difficulté d’analyse en temps rapides.
En considérant l’importance des polyphénols sur la qualité du raisin, en particulier le raisin rouge, un nouveau système d’évaluation en temps réel d’un indice de qualité phénolique du raisin rouge a été réalisé.
En utilisant un système d’analyse de la couleur particulier dans le spectrum de réflexion, il est possible d’analyser le raisin pendant la maturation ou de classer le raisin au moment de la livraison à la cave. Il s’agit d’un système d’analyse a posteriori, donc il est possible de réaliser un panorama indicatif de la potentialité phénolique des raisins déjà cultivés en différentes zones viticoles et pour chaque cépage.
Les données du présent travail expérimental sont relatives à des évaluations réalisées en Italie, Espagne et Australie au cours des dernières vendanges dans des domaines intéressées par l’évaluation des polyphénols comme paramètre supplémentaire pour la classification des raisins rouges à la livraison.
Les expériences réalisées ont permis de vérifier qu’il n’y a pas des corrélations significatives entre les polyphénols et les sucres à la récolte, en outre l’indice de qualité phénolique qu’on obtient en temps réel sur un échantillon représentatif est un résultat intéressant pour suivre l’évolution de la maturation en vigne.
La conséquence est que de grands projets de caractérisation des zones viticoles seraient peu significatifs si on néglige le patrimoine phénolique comme indice de qualité.
On peut donc affirmer que le système d’analyse rapide utilisé pourrait devenir un instrument efficace à introduire dans les programmes de zonage pour renouveler les données afin de définir la meilleure combinaison terroir x cépage pour la production de raisin avec un potentiel œnologique élevé.

One of the main aims of viticultural zoning is to identify the areas most suited to the production of high-quality wine in relation to each cultivar. In recent years, however, phenolic content as a parameter for assessing grape quality has often been neglected as it is not easy to measure quickly.
In view of the enormous importance of polyphenols in defining grape quality, in particularly black grapes, a new real-time evaluation system has been devised providing a phenolic quality index for black grapes.
Thanks to a special colorimetric system for assessing the reflectance spectrum, the grapes can be analysed during ripening or classified when delivered to the winery. Since this is a grape quality analysis system, it is possible to obtain an indication of the phenolic potential of the grapes already present in the various vine-growing areas and for each cultivar.
The data provided by this study refer to experiments performed in Italy, Spain and Australia in very recent grape harvests at wineries interested in analysis of polyphenols as an additional parameter for classification of black grapes at delivery, prior to start the winemaking process.
Tests showed that there is no significant correlation between the polyphenols and the sugar level at grape harvest, furthermore, the phenolic quality index obtainable in real time on a representative sample is useful for monitoring ripening in the vineyard. This means that wide­-ranging projects for the characterisation of vine-growing areas would have very little significance if the phenolic content were neglected as an index of grape quality.
In the light of these results, the rapid analysis system used could become a valid tool in zoning programs for updating the existing data in order to identify the area x cultivar combination best suited to the production of grapes with a high enological potential.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

E. CELOTTI, G. CARCERERI DE PRATI, F. BATTISTUTTA and R. ZIRONI

Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Udine, Via Marangoni 97 -33100 Udine/Italie

Contact the author

Keywords

Zonage, Raisin, Qualité Phénolique, Couleur, Polyphénoles
Zoning, Grape, Phenolic Quality, Colour, Polyphenols

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Understanding novel germplasm solutions: sensory, chemical and preliminary hedonic insights of wines made from Australian first-generation mildew resistant cultivars

One of the major issues for wine production in Australia is the management and eradication of powdery and downy mildews and the associated yield losses they present, costing Australian grape growers upwards of AUD$160M per annum [1].

Double success of combining technical management with low pesticide inputs in the vineyard to obtain PDO wines in France

Viticulture is a major contributor to the antagonism of positive reputation and negative environmental impacts of agriculture. Vine contributes to structure landscape in the world, resulting, for example, in the delimitation of protected designations of origin (PDO). PDO vine is currently subject to the double challenge of sustainability and climate change adaptation. As vine is very sensitive to diseases and pests, vine requires a high use of pesticides to achieve its quality and yield goals. This high need for pesticides is the most important negative impact of environmental components.

Identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species preferentially associated with grapevine roots inoculated with commercial bioinoculants 

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with plant roots and can help plants acquire nutrients from the soil in exchange for photosynthetic carbon. Commercial bioinoculants containing AMF are widely available and represent a potential opportunity to reduce the dependence of grapevines on agrochemicals. However, which commercially available AMF species colonize vine roots and affect vine growth remains unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the AMF species from commercial bioinoculants that colonize grapevine roots using high-throughput sequencing, and to evaluate the performance of five commercial bioinoculants and their effects on own-rooted Cabernet sauvignon.

Effect of fertigation strategies to adapt PGI Côtes de Gascogne production to hot vintage

The development of fertigation could be a possible solution to adapt PGI Côtes de Gascogne (south-western France) wine production to climate change. The goal would be to limit the negative effects of water stress on yield performance expectation (around 15 tons per hectare) and to make the use of fertilizers more efficient. This study aimed to compare the effects of three strategies of water and minerals supply on grapes and wines qualities. Two fertigation practices were compared to a rainfed control which is the current standard of the local grape growing production. The fertilizers (nitrogen and potassium) were (i) fully brought by irrigation pipe during the season, (ii) partially brought by irrigation pipe and partially on the soil or (iii) fully brought on the soil at the beginning of the season for the non-irrigated control (local standard). The trial was run on cv. Colombard trained on spur pruned with vertical shoot positioning system on a sandy-silty-clay soil over the 2020 vintage which was particularly hot for the region. Moderate to strong water deficit appeared during the growing period of the berries and held on after veraison. Irrigation strategies allowed for maintaining grapevine without water deficit and being significantly different from the control water status. Grapevine with fully or partial fertigation strategies produced 25% more yield mainly due to the increase of the bunch weight. Also, the fully fertigation showed the best ratio between yield and maturity and brought 30% less of fertilizers (both nitrogen and potassium) than the two other strategies. Finally, the analysis of aromatic compounds in Colombard wines, varietal thiols family, showed the same level of concentrations for the 3 treatments, confirming that the yield performance did not impact the aromatic potential in this trial.

Pests and biodiversity management on a climate change scenario: A practical case

The weather anomalies comparing the 1971-2000 time frame and the last years has showned a dramatic scenario when, in some months, average temperature in above 3ºC and the reduction in precipitation in more than 30%.