Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Rapid measurement of phenolic quality as a useful tool for viticultural zoning

Rapid measurement of phenolic quality as a useful tool for viticultural zoning

Abstract

Un des principaux objectifs du zonage viticole est l’individuation des zones plus indiquées à la production de vins de haute qualité en relation aux cépages. Ceperrlant depuis beaucqup d’années, entre les paramètres de qualité du raisin, on n’a pas considéré les substances phénoliques par effet de l!l difficulté d’analyse en temps rapides.
En considérant l’importance des polyphénols sur la qualité du raisin, en particulier le raisin rouge, un nouveau système d’évaluation en temps réel d’un indice de qualité phénolique du raisin rouge a été réalisé.
En utilisant un système d’analyse de la couleur particulier dans le spectrum de réflexion, il est possible d’analyser le raisin pendant la maturation ou de classer le raisin au moment de la livraison à la cave. Il s’agit d’un système d’analyse a posteriori, donc il est possible de réaliser un panorama indicatif de la potentialité phénolique des raisins déjà cultivés en différentes zones viticoles et pour chaque cépage.
Les données du présent travail expérimental sont relatives à des évaluations réalisées en Italie, Espagne et Australie au cours des dernières vendanges dans des domaines intéressées par l’évaluation des polyphénols comme paramètre supplémentaire pour la classification des raisins rouges à la livraison.
Les expériences réalisées ont permis de vérifier qu’il n’y a pas des corrélations significatives entre les polyphénols et les sucres à la récolte, en outre l’indice de qualité phénolique qu’on obtient en temps réel sur un échantillon représentatif est un résultat intéressant pour suivre l’évolution de la maturation en vigne.
La conséquence est que de grands projets de caractérisation des zones viticoles seraient peu significatifs si on néglige le patrimoine phénolique comme indice de qualité.
On peut donc affirmer que le système d’analyse rapide utilisé pourrait devenir un instrument efficace à introduire dans les programmes de zonage pour renouveler les données afin de définir la meilleure combinaison terroir x cépage pour la production de raisin avec un potentiel œnologique élevé.

One of the main aims of viticultural zoning is to identify the areas most suited to the production of high-quality wine in relation to each cultivar. In recent years, however, phenolic content as a parameter for assessing grape quality has often been neglected as it is not easy to measure quickly.
In view of the enormous importance of polyphenols in defining grape quality, in particularly black grapes, a new real-time evaluation system has been devised providing a phenolic quality index for black grapes.
Thanks to a special colorimetric system for assessing the reflectance spectrum, the grapes can be analysed during ripening or classified when delivered to the winery. Since this is a grape quality analysis system, it is possible to obtain an indication of the phenolic potential of the grapes already present in the various vine-growing areas and for each cultivar.
The data provided by this study refer to experiments performed in Italy, Spain and Australia in very recent grape harvests at wineries interested in analysis of polyphenols as an additional parameter for classification of black grapes at delivery, prior to start the winemaking process.
Tests showed that there is no significant correlation between the polyphenols and the sugar level at grape harvest, furthermore, the phenolic quality index obtainable in real time on a representative sample is useful for monitoring ripening in the vineyard. This means that wide­-ranging projects for the characterisation of vine-growing areas would have very little significance if the phenolic content were neglected as an index of grape quality.
In the light of these results, the rapid analysis system used could become a valid tool in zoning programs for updating the existing data in order to identify the area x cultivar combination best suited to the production of grapes with a high enological potential.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

E. CELOTTI, G. CARCERERI DE PRATI, F. BATTISTUTTA and R. ZIRONI

Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Udine, Via Marangoni 97 -33100 Udine/Italie

Contact the author

Keywords

Zonage, Raisin, Qualité Phénolique, Couleur, Polyphénoles
Zoning, Grape, Phenolic Quality, Colour, Polyphenols

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Plant nitrogen assimilation and partitioning as a function of crop load

Aims: The optimization of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE, i.e. uptake, assimilation and partitioning) is a solution towards the sustainable production of premium wines, while reducing fertilization and environmental impact. The influence of crop load on the accumulation of N compounds in fruits is still poorly understood. The present study assesses the impacts of bunch thinning on NUE and the consequences on the free amino N (FAN) profile in fruits.

Effects of major enological variables on the evolution of the chemical profile in Schiava over the vinification: an experimental design approach

Schiava cv. (germ. Vernatsch) is a group of grape varieties used for winemaking (e.g. Kleinvernatsch-Schiava gentile, Grauvernatsch-Schiava grigia, Edelvernatsch-Schiava grossa) historically reported in Northern Italy, Austria, Germany and Croatia. Beside common phenotypic traits, these varieties have been also hypothesized to share a common geographical origin in Slavonia (Eastern Croatia). Nowadays, Schiava cv. are considered historical grape varieties of northern regions of Italy such as Lombardy, Trentino and South Tyrol. Traditionally widely consumed locally and also exported, over the past decades there has been a steady drop in production of these grapes, although with a parallel increase in wine quality. In this report, the effects of three main enological variables on the chemical components of Schiava produced in South Tyrol (var. Schiava grossa) are investigated from grape to bottle.

Soil mineral nitrogen dynamics in cover-cropped irrigated vineyards with contrasting soil textures

Context and purpose of the study. Cover cropping in vineyards supports grape yield, quality, and soil health.

In-line sensing of grape juice press fractioning with UV-Vis spectroscopy

UV-Visible spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometrics, was successfully applied to objectively differentiate sparkling wine press juice fractions of Pinot noir. Two measurements methods were applied: reflectance using a fibre optic probe in-line and transmission using a benchtop spectrophotometer.

Modeling the suitability of Pinot Noir in Oregon’s Willamette Valley in a changing climate

Air temperature is the key driver of grapevine phenology and a significant environmental factor impacting yield and quality for a winegrape growing region. In this study the optimal downscaled CMIP5 ensemble for computing thegrowing season average temperature (GST) viticulture climate classification index was determined to spatially compute on a decadal basis predictions of the GST climate index and the grapevine sugar ripeness (GSR) model for Pinot Noir throughout the Willamette Valley (WV) American Viticultural Area (AVA). Forecasts for average temperature and a 220 g/L target sugar concentration level were computed using daily Localized Constructed Analogs (LOCA) downscaled CMIP5 historic and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) future climate projections of minimum and maximum daily temperature. We explore spatiotemporal trends of the GST climate classification index and Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR phenology model for the WV AVA. Spatiotemporal computations of the GST climate index and Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR model enable the opportunity to explore relationships between their computed values with one intent being to provide updated GST ranges that better align with current temperature-based modeling understanding of Pinot Noir grapevine phenology and the viticultural application of LOCA CMIP5 climate projections for the WV AVA. The Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR model or the GST index with updated bounds indicate that the percent of the WV AVA area suitable for Pinot Noir production is currently at or near its peak value in the upper 80s to lower 90s of this century.