Campania region grapevine patrimony: a determination of the heat requirement of 19 nearly all-native ultivars. Nine years of observations.

Des expérimentations sur Gamay ont été réalisées en Beaujolais de 2000 à 2006 sur 10 parcelles d’AOC différentes. De nombreuses mesures ont été effectuées à différents stades (vigne, baies récoltées, vinification et bouteille avec ou sans vieillissement). Ces mesures sont également de natures différentes (données phénologiques, analytiques, dégustation). Des analyses de la composition des sols sont également disponibles.

Aim: Evaluating the effects of high amount of air injection during red wine fermentation process, on phenolic extraction dynamics, oxygen dissolution, phenolic compounds evolution, and oxidation of red wines.MethodsRed grapes musts were fermented in 100.000 L stainless steel tank, equipped with Parsec SRL “Air mixing” gas injection systems. For this experiment, treatments with two injection regimes, high and low intensity, and high and low daily frequency, were used. Oxygen analyzer was introduced into the tank to evaluate the gas concentration evolution along the fermentation.

Teran is an important native variety grown in Istria known for its high level of polyphenols and intensive fruity character of wines. Teran’s yield and wine typicity have recently decreased due to climate changes (increased temperature and severe drought). Four drip irrigation treatments (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% of total evapotranspiration) and control were investigated for the influence on Teran yield and quality, where focus was given to the content and composition of main polyphenolic and volatile compounds in grapes. Irrigation positively influenced yield since the berry weight also increased with increased irrigation. This resulted in the highest yield for 100% ETc. The highest concentration of polyphenols had control, while the irrigation treatments did not differ significantly. However, there was a tendency to decrease concentration with increased irrigation probably due to the increased berry size, which led to a dilution effect. Regarding the volatile compounds, the most abundant group was alcohols, followed by acids.

Recently, the European Commission seems to have inaugurated a new mechanism for regulating the wine sector. Through two communications, articulated in the form of “Questions & Answers”, concerning the new rules for labeling (24.11.2023) and dealcoholization of wine (15.01.2024), the Commission is not simply “explaining” the new rules but, in an approach close to the theory of “Circulaire Normative” established in comparative law, chooses among different interpretations and even adds Praeter Legem constraints.

Sustainability is a key focus in viticulture, where managing abiotic and biotic stress presents a major challenge.