Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Influence of the “terroir” (soil, climate and wine grower) on the quality of red Grenache wines in the Rhône Valley

Influence of the “terroir” (soil, climate and wine grower) on the quality of red Grenache wines in the Rhône Valley

Abstract

[English version]

«L’Observatoire Grenache» est un réseau de parcelles qui a été mis en place par l’Institut Rhodanien en Vallée du Rhône sur les millésimes de 1995 à 1999. Composé de 24 parcelles de Vitis vinifera L. cv Grenache noir, ce réseau vise à étudier l’influence du terroir (sol, climat et vigneron) sur la qualité des vins. Les parcelles ont été choisies afin de représenter différentes situations géographiques et géopédologiques de la vallée du Rhône. Le matériel végétal (clone, porte-greffe), la taille (cordon de Royat), la densité et l’âge de la parcelle ont été encadrées. Ainsi les conditions de milieu (sol, climat) et les pratiques du vigneron étaient les principales sources de variations. Cette étude a permis de montrer que les paramètres du milieu conditionnent la qualité de la matière première et des vins principalement sur les caractères organoleptiques. Les types de sol ont un rôle non négligeable lié à la mise à disposition de l’eau pour la vigne. Ils définissent ainsi un potentiel de croissance et de vigueur. Lorsque cette dernière est élevée, elle est défavorable à la qualité des vins.

Les composantes climatiques (températures et précipitations) ont été approchées au travers de suivis de températures à la parcelle et de relevés de stations météorologiques : un lien fort a pu être mis en évidence entre les températures et la composition des vins. Les températures fraîches sont favorables à l’accumulation de la couleur tandis que les températures chaudes contribuent à l’alcool et à la perception de rondeur. Les précipitations quant à elles semblent expliquer les variations entre millésime (effet millésime). Enfin, il est apparu que cet effet du sol et du climat peut être gommé ou transcendé par la forte influence des pratiques des vignerons. Elles interviennent, notamment la fertilisation, sur la qualité des produits en particulier l’acidité et le potentiel polyphénolique.

The “Institut Rhodanien” has established, a vine network in the Southern part of the Rhône Valley from 1995 to 1999. Twenty four plots, planted with Vitis vinifera L. cv red Grenache have been chosen in order to study the influence of the “terroir” (soil, climate, vine grower) on wine quality. The plots were representative of the different geographic and geopedologic situations (soil types, different early maturing area) of the Rhône Valley. Clone, rootstock, pruning, density and age of vines were identical for each plot. Thus, only the environmental features (soil, climate) and viticultural practices varied during the survey. This work shows that:

– Environmental conditions have an important incidence on grape and wine quality, especially on organoleptic characteristics. The type of soil influences water balance in vine, which it conditions growth and plant vigour. A high plant vigour is detrimental to wine quality. Climatic parameters (temperatures and precipitation) were monitored directly on the plots as well as on meteorological stations. There is a strong correlation between temperature and wine composition. Cool temperatures are in favour of coloured wines, while higher temperatures help to produce alcoholic and full wines. Variations on rainfall are responsible for vintage variability.
– Finally this work also shows that sol and climate, effects are easily modified or covered by the “vine grower’s effect” (fertilisation, training management…). Viticultural practices have a strong influence on acidity and colour potential of the wines.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

C. SIPP (1), O. JACQUET (2), C. RIOU (3)

(1) Syndicat des Vignerons Réunis des Côtes du Rhône, Institut Rhodanien , 2260, route du Grès, 84100 Orange (France)
(2) Chambre d’Agriculture du Vaucluse, Institut Rhodanien, 2260, route du Grès, 84100 Orange (France)
(3) Inter Rhône, Institut Rhodanien, 2260, route du Grès, 84100 Orange (France)

Contact the author

Keywords

sol, qualité des vins, climat, Grenache, terroir soil, wine quality, climate, red Grenache, “terroir”

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Catechins, NMR, Huntington’s disease, protein aggregation modulation

Catechins, a subclass of flavonoids widely found in plants and plant-based foods and beverages such as wine and tea, not only exhibit significant antioxidant properties [1], as extensively documented in the literature, but can also inhibit amyloid protein aggregation [2], a key process implicated in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s.

Consumer perception of wine bottle weight and its impact on sustainability

In the context of sustainability, this study evaluated consumer perception regarding the impact of glass bottle weight on wine valuation.

IMPACT OF GRAPE-ASSOCIATED MOLDS IN FRESH MUSHROOM AROMA PRODUCTION

Mycobiota encountered from vine to wine is a complex and diversified ecosystem that may impact grape quality at harvest and the sensorial properties of wines, thus leading to off-flavors [1-3]. Among known off-flavors in wine, fresh mushroom aroma (FMA) has been linked to some mold species, naturally pre-sent on grapes, producing specific volatile organic compounds (VOC) [4-5]. The most well-known are 1-octen-3-ol and 1-octen-3-one, although many other VOC are likely involved. To better understand the FMA defect, biotic and abiotic factors impacting growth kinetics and VOC production of selected fungal species in must media and on grapes were studied.

Biomass carbon and nitrogen input from cover crops in an irrigated vineyard in Okanagan Valley, Canada

The use of cover crops in vineyards has been encouraged by positive effects on wine grape yield and sensory attributes, and improved soil function. This study examined the efficacy of three alleyway and three undervine cover crop treatments in an organic vineyard in the semiarid Okanagan Valley, Canada in 2021.

Effects of wine versus de-alcoholised wine on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a tau-pathology murine model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common disorder associated with cognitive impairment and the main cause of dementia globally. Multiple evidence in the last decade suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of AD via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, a network wherein microbiome and the central nervous system crosstalk via endocrine, immune, neural, and microbial metabolites signalling pathways.