Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Valorisation of integrated research on vineyard soils. Adaptation to the Val de Loire vineyard

Valorisation of integrated research on vineyard soils. Adaptation to the Val de Loire vineyard

Abstract

[English version below]

La mise en valeur d’un terroir au travers du vin signifie dans un premier temps le respect du cahier des charges de l’A.O.C correspondante. Dans un second temps, elle sous-entend d’être à l’écoute des évolutions scientifiques, techniques et sociétales afin de satisfaire une production plus respectueuse de l’environnement et de la santé des hommes. Les recherches effectuées par l’Unité Vigne et Vin du centre INRA d’Angers ont débouché sur le concept d’UTB, Unité Terroir de Base (R.Morlat). UTB définit une aire de terrain ou le fonctionnement de la vigne est homogène en tous points. En Anjou, un modèle de terrain «roche, altération, altérite» basé sur la profondeur de sol et le degré d’altération de la roche mère a été mis en évidence. Le premier axe du travail présenté est une tentative de classement des principaux types de sols du Val de Loire pour lesquels la vigne a un comportement physiologique spécifique. Par rapport à ce modèle, cinq familles ont été identifiées. Le second axe de travail consiste à proposer un itinéraire agroviticole en relation avec cette classification, basé sur le référentiel national pour la production intégrée de raisins (ITV FRANCE, 2000), et sur les expériences déjà menées en Val de Loire. En fonction de la typologie des sols rencontrés et des différents cépages autorisés, l’adéquation optimale terroir/portegreffe/cépage est recherchée. Le résultat final apparaît sous la forme d’un «Guide des Bonnes Pratiques Vitivinicoles du Val de Loire» pour l’objectif recherché suivant:
«Le bon cépage, au meilleur endroit, pour un type de vin recherché, bien valorisé !»

The valorisation of a terroir through its wine means, first of all, the respect of the corresponding AOC regulations. Secondly, it means one must carefully watch the technical, scientific and social evolutions in order to offer a product more respectable of the environment and society. The research carried out INRA in Angers has led to the UTB concept (Basic Terroir Unit). The UTB defines an homogeneous area for the functioning of the vine. In Anjou, a terrain model “rock type soil, intermediate type and weathered type soil “has been developed, based on the depth of the soil, and its degree of weathering. A first part of the present work is an attempt to classify the major types of the Val de Loire soils. According to the model, five types have been identified. The second part of the work proposes a set of technical itinery in relation to this classification and based on the “integrated grape production” national reference proposed by ITV FRANCE (2000) as well as some experiments conducted in the Loire Valley. According to the soils types and the authorized varieties, an optimal adequacy between the terroir, the rootstock and the variety is sought. The final results will be published in a “Guide: for good practices in the Loire vineyard”. Its unique ambition is to propose some areas for discussion between the vinegrower and his technical partners. All kinds of viticulture, be it conventional, integrated, organic, will be taken into account.
The main objective will be: “The right variety, at the right place, for a well valorised expected type of wine !”

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

D. PASQUINI*, C. ASSELIN** and F. JOURJON***

* D.PASQUINI, Interloire, 12 rue Etienne Fallu – 37019 TOURS CEDEX 01 / ESA Angers 55 rue Rabelais, 49000 Angers
**C. ASSELIN, / Unité vigne et vin, Centre INRA, 42 rue G. Morel 49071 Beaucouzé ou Interloire, 73 rue Plantagenêt, BP 52327, 49023 ANGERS CEDEX 02
*** F. JOURJON, Enseignant chercheur ESA Angers, 55 rue Rabelais, BP 748, 49007 ANGERS

Keywords

Terroir, Viticulture, Val de Loire, Vin, Interprofession
grapevine, soil, quality, Val de Loire, wine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Effect of oenological tannins on wine aroma before and after oxidation: a real-time study by coupling sensory (TDS) and chemical (PTR-ToF-MS) analyses

Polyphenols are important compounds involved in many chemical and sensory wine features. In winemaking, adding oenological tannins claims to have positive impacts on wine stability, protection from oxidation and aroma persistence. Polyphenols are antioxidant compounds by either scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species or chelating Fe2+ ions (1). However, as tannins oxidation leads to the formation of highly reactive species (i.e. ortho-quinones), it is still unclear if they have an effective role toward oxidation of wine aromas (2). In this work, we aim at studying the effect of two commercial tannins (proanthocyanidins, ellagitannins) on red wine flavour (mainly aroma) before and after air exposition.

Untargeted metabolomics to identify potential chemical markers responsible for the permissiveness of red wines against Brettanomyces bruxellensis

Red wines constitute the majority of the wines produced in Bordeaux. All along the winemaking process, many microorganisms may develop in wine. A lot of them are useful but a common defect found in wine is linked to the development of Brettanomyces bruxellensis, a yeast that produces volatile phenols. These molecules are responsible for an unwanted sensorial defect described as similar to “horse sweat”, “burnt plastic” or “leather”. It has been shown that while some wines are very permissive and easily contaminated, others are pretty resistant to Brettanomyces development. However, common parameters such as pH, alcohol or sugars composition cannot fully explain the differences observed in wine permissiveness.

Possible toxicological risk arising from contamination of grapes and derivatives by emerging mycotoxins: patulin

Following the acquired awareness of the presence of ochratoxin A in grape derivatives, actions were undertaken to contain this contamination, and attempts were made to evaluate the presence of any other molecule belonging to this class.

Construction of a 3D vineyard model using very high resolution airborne images

In recent years there has been a growth in interest and number of research studies regarding the application of remote optical and thermal sensing by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in agriculture and viticulture. Many papers report on the use of images to map or estimate the growth and water status of plants, or the heterogeneity of different parcels. Most often, NDVI or other similar indices are used.

Sensitivity of vis‐nir spectral indices to detect nitrogen deficiency and canopy function in cv. Barbera (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapevines

Precision nutrient management in viticulture can be addressed on the basis of a spatial characterization of within‐vineyard vine