Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Valorisation of integrated research on vineyard soils. Adaptation to the Val de Loire vineyard

Valorisation of integrated research on vineyard soils. Adaptation to the Val de Loire vineyard

Abstract

[English version below]

La mise en valeur d’un terroir au travers du vin signifie dans un premier temps le respect du cahier des charges de l’A.O.C correspondante. Dans un second temps, elle sous-entend d’être à l’écoute des évolutions scientifiques, techniques et sociétales afin de satisfaire une production plus respectueuse de l’environnement et de la santé des hommes. Les recherches effectuées par l’Unité Vigne et Vin du centre INRA d’Angers ont débouché sur le concept d’UTB, Unité Terroir de Base (R.Morlat). UTB définit une aire de terrain ou le fonctionnement de la vigne est homogène en tous points. En Anjou, un modèle de terrain «roche, altération, altérite» basé sur la profondeur de sol et le degré d’altération de la roche mère a été mis en évidence. Le premier axe du travail présenté est une tentative de classement des principaux types de sols du Val de Loire pour lesquels la vigne a un comportement physiologique spécifique. Par rapport à ce modèle, cinq familles ont été identifiées. Le second axe de travail consiste à proposer un itinéraire agroviticole en relation avec cette classification, basé sur le référentiel national pour la production intégrée de raisins (ITV FRANCE, 2000), et sur les expériences déjà menées en Val de Loire. En fonction de la typologie des sols rencontrés et des différents cépages autorisés, l’adéquation optimale terroir/portegreffe/cépage est recherchée. Le résultat final apparaît sous la forme d’un «Guide des Bonnes Pratiques Vitivinicoles du Val de Loire» pour l’objectif recherché suivant:
«Le bon cépage, au meilleur endroit, pour un type de vin recherché, bien valorisé !»

The valorisation of a terroir through its wine means, first of all, the respect of the corresponding AOC regulations. Secondly, it means one must carefully watch the technical, scientific and social evolutions in order to offer a product more respectable of the environment and society. The research carried out INRA in Angers has led to the UTB concept (Basic Terroir Unit). The UTB defines an homogeneous area for the functioning of the vine. In Anjou, a terrain model “rock type soil, intermediate type and weathered type soil “has been developed, based on the depth of the soil, and its degree of weathering. A first part of the present work is an attempt to classify the major types of the Val de Loire soils. According to the model, five types have been identified. The second part of the work proposes a set of technical itinery in relation to this classification and based on the “integrated grape production” national reference proposed by ITV FRANCE (2000) as well as some experiments conducted in the Loire Valley. According to the soils types and the authorized varieties, an optimal adequacy between the terroir, the rootstock and the variety is sought. The final results will be published in a “Guide: for good practices in the Loire vineyard”. Its unique ambition is to propose some areas for discussion between the vinegrower and his technical partners. All kinds of viticulture, be it conventional, integrated, organic, will be taken into account.
The main objective will be: “The right variety, at the right place, for a well valorised expected type of wine !”

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

D. PASQUINI*, C. ASSELIN** and F. JOURJON***

* D.PASQUINI, Interloire, 12 rue Etienne Fallu – 37019 TOURS CEDEX 01 / ESA Angers 55 rue Rabelais, 49000 Angers
**C. ASSELIN, / Unité vigne et vin, Centre INRA, 42 rue G. Morel 49071 Beaucouzé ou Interloire, 73 rue Plantagenêt, BP 52327, 49023 ANGERS CEDEX 02
*** F. JOURJON, Enseignant chercheur ESA Angers, 55 rue Rabelais, BP 748, 49007 ANGERS

Keywords

Terroir, Viticulture, Val de Loire, Vin, Interprofession
grapevine, soil, quality, Val de Loire, wine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Développement de l’appareil végétatif et maturation du raisin sur quatre sols de Pomerol en 1995

The Pomerol vineyard, located 35 km east of Bordeaux, covers around 800 ha on the left bank of the Isle. There is a system of fluvial terraces with more or less coarse gravel and pebble spreading, resting on a Tertiary substratum ranging from the Middle to Upper Eocene to the Lower Oligocene (Dubreuilh, 1993). This interweaving of terraces of varying thickness results in a brutal superposition of differentiated materials which give rise to various types of soil. Several site studies in this sector of the Libounais show significant morphological and analytical differences from one point to another (Guilloux et al ., 1978; Duteau, 1982; Van Leeuwen et al.., 1989). The distribution of the soils of the Pomerol vineyard was studied and resulted in a cartography at 1/25000th (Merouge, 1995).

The impact of vine pruning methods on physiological development and health condition of Vitis vinifera

This project aims on monitoring the plant development and comparison of the effects of various training systems on vine fertility and physiological processes.

Cultivo de la Malvasia en Tenerife

El archipiélago Canario, conocido en el pasado como las Islas del Vino, fue una gran potencia en la elaboración y comercialización del vino, sobre todo de caldos elaborados con la variedad Malvasía.

Preliminary study of the influence of ripening on the polysaccharide content of different red grape varieties

Grape skin has a barrier and protective function in grapes. Cell wall of grape skins is mainly composed of polysaccharides such as pectins, celulloses and hemicelluloses and structural proteins. Terroir, variety and changes during ripening can affect the content of polysaccharides in grapes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of polysaccharides (PS) in grapes along the ripening process. Three red grape varieties were studied: Garnacha (G), Tempranillo (T) and Prieto Picudo (PP).

Designing and managing a sustainable vineyard in a climate change scenario

Extension of the growing season, compression of the annual growth cycle and higher frequency and severity of weather extreme events are consistent features of global warming. While mitigation of factors causing global warming is necessary in the medium-long term, wine growers need “ready to go” adaptation practices to counteract negative effects bound to climate change. This must be done in a sustainably way, meaning that remunerative yield, desired grape quality, low production cost and environment friendly solutions must be effectively merged. In this work, we will review contribution given over the last two decades prioritizing issues related to scion and rootstock choice, changes in vineyard floor management, new perception related to the use of irrigation in vineyards, adaptation practices aimed at decompress maturity, solutions to counteract or minimize damages due to late frost and sunburn and, lastly, some hints on how precision viticulture can help with all of this.