terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 The concept of terroir: what place for microbiota?

The concept of terroir: what place for microbiota?

Abstract

Microbes play key roles on crop nutrient availability via biogeochemical cycles, rhizosphere interactions with roots as well as on plant growth and health. Recent advances in technologies, such as High Throughput Sequencing Techniques, allowed to gain deeper insight on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities associated with soil, rhizosphere and plant phyllosphere. Over the past 10 years, numerous scientific studies have been carried out on the microbial component of the vineyard. Whether the soil or grape compartments have been taken into account, many studies agree on the evidence of regional delineations of microbial communities, that may contribute to regional wine characteristics and typicity. Some authors proposed the term “microbial terroir” including “yeast terroir” for grapes to describe the connection between microbial biogeography and regional wine characteristics. Many factors are involved in terroir including climate, soil, cultivar and human practices as well as their interactions. Studies considering “microbial terroir” greatly contributed to improve our knowledge on factors that shape the vineyard microbial structure and diversity. However, the potential impact of “microbial terroir” on wine composition has yet not received strong scientific evidence and many questions remain to be addressed, related to the functional characterization of the microbial community and its impact on plant physiology and grape composition, the origins and interannual stability of vineyard microbiota, as well as their impact on wine sensorial attributes. The presentation will give an overview on the role of microbiota as a terroir component and will highlight future perspectives and challenges on this key subject for the wine industry.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: May 31, 2022

Issue: Terclim 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Isabelle Masneuf-Pomarede1,2 and Cornelis van Leeuwen2,3

1Univ. Bordeaux, UR oenologie EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Gradignan, France
3EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author

Keywords

terroir, microbiota, biogeography, wine composition, high throughput sequencing

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terclim 2022

Citation

Related articles…

EFFECTS OF INDUCED SUNBURN DAMAGES ON WHITE WINE PROPERTIES

Climate change is a great challenge for the environment and affects the wine industry as well. Sunburn damage of sensitive grapes increase with severe heat periods. Besides significant loss of yield sunburn, modifies sensory properties of the wines and may cause climate-related off-flavours. To initiate sunburn in a controlled way, in 2021 sunburn was directly induced in the vineyard with the GrapeBurner device, exposing grapes of the varieties Riesling and Pinot Blanc with UV and IR radiation. This device was first assembled by Kai Müller of the university in Geisenheim and consists of a carriage with 6 UV/IR lamps. A 15 min irradiation was applied in early September at 60°Oe. Due to the colder season in 2021 the grapes were not harmed by previous sunburn damage.

Read More

Carbon sequestration in vineyard soils: biomass utilization in a climate change scenario–the SUSTAIN project

The SUSTAIN project aims at assessing the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and vulnerability in vineyard soils under a climate change scenario.

Read More

The effect of short and long-term water deficit on physiological performance and leaf microbiome of different rootstock and scion combinations

Climate change, particularly drought stress, threatens viticulture sustainability. Understanding scion-rootstock interactions and their link to the grapevine microbiome is key to improving vine health, productivity, and drought resilience.

Read More

PROTEOMIC STUDY OF THE USE OF MANNOPROTEINS BY OENOCOCCUS OENI TO IMPROVE MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is a desired process to decrease acidity in wine. This fermentation, carried out mostly by Oenococcus oeni, is sometimes challenging due to the wine stress factors affecting this lactic acid bacterium. Wine is a harsh environment for microbial survival due to the presence of ethanol and the low pH, and with limited nutrients that compromise O. oeni development. This may result in slow or stuck fermentations. After the alcoholic fermentation the nutrients that remain in the medium, mainly released by yeast, can be used in a beneficial way by O. oeni during MLF.

Read More

The key role of vineyard parcel in modifying flavor compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes

To produce premium wines in a specific region is the goal of local oenologists. This study aimed to investigate the influence of soil properties on the flavoromics of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to provide a better insight into single-vineyard wines. Six commercial Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards were selected in the Manas region to collect berries at three harvest ripeness in three seasons (2019–2021). The six vineyards had little difference in mesoclimate conditions while varying greatly in soil composition.

Read More