terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Short-term relationships between climate and grapevine trunk diseases in southern French vineyards

Short-term relationships between climate and grapevine trunk diseases in southern French vineyards

Abstract

An increasing plant dieback has been observed in vineyards these past two decades, that has been partly attributed to the incidence of grapevine trunk diseases. Among them, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback are increasingly affecting grapevine mortality and yield loss, but little is known about the relationships between leaf symptoms and climate, hampering our ability to predict future trends in grapevine dieback. Our aim was to test short-term relationships between weather conditions and leaf symptom incidence in southern France vineyards. We harmonized and compiled summer surveys leaf symptoms of grapevine trunk disease in a database gathering 50 vineyards. Surveys were conducted on a weekly to bimonthly basis during the period 2003-2021, leading to 69 site-by-year plots. Vineyards were characterised by different ages (8 to 37 years old plants), grapevine varieties (n = 11), cultural practices, soil and climate conditions. Climate data were compiled from Safran daily data of Météo-France and averaged on different time steps. For each plot, we derived weekly rates of leaf symptom incidence using non-parametric Loess models. To account for contrasting conditions among vineyards, we scaled both leaf symptom and climate data, focusing on variations relative to plot. Statistical models show highly significant relationships between local leaf symptom trends and climatic conditions on a weekly to monthly time step. As expected, the higher the evaporative demand (temperature and humidity) the higher the incidence of new weekly cases. However, an increase in drought conditions and wind speed inhibited the incidence of leaf symptoms. Our results suggest that fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases benefit from warm conditions but are inhibited by dry conditions that both are expected to increase in the next future. Our findings provide important insights to better understand plant-climate-diseases relationships in the field and anticipate trends for the next decades.

DOI:

Publication date: May 31, 2022

Issue: Terclim 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Thibaut Fréjaville1, Lucia Guérin-Dubrana1, Philippe Larignon2, Pascal Lecomte
and Chloé E.L. Delmas1

1INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Pôle Rhône-Méditerranée, Rodilhan, France

Contact the author

Keywords

esca, Botryosphaeria dieback, modelling, weather, weekly incidence rate

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terclim 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Pesticide removal in wine with a physical treatment by molecular sieving

All along the winemaking process, conditioning and aging, wine is susceptible to be contaminated by different molecules. Contaminations can have various origins, related to wine microorganisms or as a result of an exogenous contamination. The aforementioned contamination of the wine can be caused by the migration of molecules from the materials in contact with the wine or by a contamination from exogenous molecules present in the air. Regardless of the source of the contamination, mainly two types of consequences can be observed.

A new winemaking technology: fermentation, aging and bottling without added additives and preservatives

Auric infinity Technology introduces three new patented products designated for fermentation, aging and bottling without added additives and preservatives that have never been used in the winemaking industry.

The impact of nutrition label formats on wine consumer preferences

Recent regulations concerning alcoholic beverages have prompted producers to revise their product labels to incorporate nutritional information. In this context, qr codes containing such information, known as e-labels, are now being employed on wine labels for the first time.

Methyl Jasmonate Versus Nano-Methyl Jasmonate: Effect On The Stilbene Content In Monastrell Variety

Stilbenes, a kind of non-flavonoid phenolic compounds, have been reported to be responsible for various beneficial effects. Their biological properties include antibacterial and antifungal effects, as well as cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anticancer actions (Guerrero et al. 2009).Several strategies can be used to increase stilbene content in grapes and one of them could be the use of elicitors such as methyl jasmonate. The use of this elicitor has been proven to be efficient in the production of secondary metabolites which increases the quality of wines, but its use also has some drawbacks such as its low water solubility, high volatility, and its expensive cost (Gil-Muñoz et al. 2021).

ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF INACTIVATED NON-SACCHAROMYCES YEASTS

The importance of the non-Saccharomyces yeasts (NSY) in winemaking has been extensively reviewed in the past for their aromatic or bioprotective capacity while, recently their antioxidant/antiradical potential has emerged under winemaking conditions. In the literature the antioxidant potential of NSY was solely explored through their capacity to improve glutathione (GSH) content during alcoholic fermen- tation [1], while more and more studies pointed out the activity of the non-glutathione soluble fraction released by yeasts [2].