terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 GiESCO 9 Aroma characterisation of mold resistant sparkling wines produced in a warm-temperate area

Aroma characterisation of mold resistant sparkling wines produced in a warm-temperate area

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study – In recent years, resistant varieties have returned to the attention of the wine sector as a response to climate change and the reduction of pesticides in grapevine management, which is the main culprit of pesticide use in European agriculture. In this context, the production of sparkling wines could be strongly influenced due to its requirements for a particular balance between sugars and acidity, and the necessity of sound grapes to ensure wine quality. However, these parameters are not the only ones that define the suitability of a grape variety to produce sparkling wine. Among them, the aromatic profile of sparkling wines plays a crucial role in the perception of the quality of the final wines. Some active compounds present in sparkling wines are the consequence of the interaction between variety and environment and evolve during ageing. This work aims to study the volatile composition of traditional method sparkling wines produced from resistant varieties cultivated in an experimental plot in Trentino, comparing the results with those of Chardonnay, the main variety used in this area nowadays for this product.

Material and methods – Ten different varieties (Bronner, Solaris, Johanniter, Souvignier Gris, Palma, Charvir, Pinot Regina, V2, V10 and V11) were cultivated in an experimental plot located in Trentino (IT). The grapes were harvested for three consecutive years (2018-2020) according to the technological maturity to produce sparkling wine. The whole bunches were pressed with a yield of 50% (w/w) and, after settling, the must fermented at 18-20°C. Five months after the end of alcoholic fermentation, the tirage was carried out for the prise de mousse at 6 standard atmospheres in 0.7 L bottles, according to the traditional method for sparkling wine production. The wines were aged at 15°C until analysis after disgorgement. All vinification operations were performed under standardised conditions. Over 35 volatile compounds belonging to 6 different oenological families (acetate esters, ethyl esters, alcohols, fatty acids, terpenes and norisoprenoids) were analysed by GC-MS.

Results – Among the varieties, Souvignier Gris was characterised by methyl salicylate, 1-hexanol and n-hexyl acetate, while Solaris stood out for the concentration of β-damascone, acetate and ethyl esters. Bronner showed significant contents of some grape-derived metabolites, such as β-damascone and linalool. This terpene was also present in higher quantities in Solaris and Johanniter, while Charvir and V11 were distinguished by their higher α-terpineol content. Pinot Regina was characterised for certain amino acid-derived compounds such as 3-methylthio-1-propanol, isovaleric acid, 2-methylbutyrate and isobutyl acetate. All results were compared with those of Chardonnay sparkling wines from the same experimental plot and produced with the same protocol.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: July 7, 2023

Issue: GiESCO 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Tomas Roman1*, Bruno Cisilotto2,3, Mauro Paolini1, Sergio Moser1, Nicola Cappello1, Roberto Larcher1

1Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach n.1, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, Italia
2Laboratory of Enology and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
3Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Campus Bento Gonçalves, Brazil

Contact the author*

Keywords

resistant varieties, aroma, sparkling wine

Tags

GiESCO | GIESCO 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Methodological advances in relating deep root activity to whole vine physiology

Full understanding of grapevine responses to variable soil resources requires
assessing the grapevine root system. Grapevine root systems are expansive and examining deep roots (i.e., >40 cm)
is particularly important in conditions where grapevines increase reliance on deep soil resources, such as drought
or plant competition. Traditional methods of assessing roots rely on morphological traits associated specific
functions (e.g., root color, diameter, length), while recent methodological advances allow for estimating root
function more directly (e.g., omics). Yet, the potential of applying refined methods remains underexplored for roots
at deep depths.

Read More

The impacts of frozen material-other-than-grapes (MOG) on aroma compounds of red wine varieties

An undesirable note called “floral taint” has been observed in red wines by winemakers in the Niagara region caused by large volumes of frozen leaves and petioles [materials-other-than-grapes (MOG)] introduced during mechanical harvest and subsequent winemaking late in the season. The volatiles, which we hypothesized are responsible, are primarily terpenes, norisoprenoids, and specific esters in frozen leaves and petioles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the volatile compounds which may cause the floral taint problem and explore how much of them (thresholds) may lead to the problem. Also, the glycosidic precursors of some of these compounds were analyzed to see the changes happening during frost events.

Read More

Aromatic profile of six different clones of Chardonnay grape berries in Minas Gerais (Brazil)

Aromas are one of the key points in food analysis since they are related to character, quality and consequently consumer acceptance. It is not different in the winery industry, where the aromatic profile is a combination of viticultural and oenological practices. Based on the development of more aromatic clones and on the potential to produce sparkling wines at Caldas, in the southern region of Minas Gerais (Brazil) (21°55´S and 46°23´W, altitude 1,100m), the aim of this work was the determination of volatile compounds in six different clones of Chardonnay grape berries to better understand which compounds add bouquet to the wine, and additionally comprehend the impacts of the edaphoclimatic and annual conditions on the improvement of grape-growing and winemaking practices.

Read More

Improving stilbenes in vitis Labrusca L. Grapes through methyl jasmonate applications

Grapes (Vitis sp.) are considered a major source of phenolic compounds such as flavonols, anthocyanins and stilbenes. Studies related to the beneficial effects of these compounds on health have encouraged research aimed at increasing their concentration in fruits. On this behalf, several plant growth regulators such as jasmonic acid and its volatile ester, methyl-jasmonate (MeJa), have demonstrated promising results in many fruits. However, Brazilian subtropical climate might interfere on treatment response. The present study aims to evaluate the application of MeJa in the pre-harvest period in Concord and Isabel Precoce grapes (Vitis labrusca L.).

Read More

Service crop effects on grapevine water and nitrogen status and yield under Mediterranean climate

Service crops in vineyard can provide multiple ecosystem services but they can also lead to competition with the grapevine for soil resources in the Mediterranean region due to potential severe droughts (Garcia et al., 2018). One of the levers of action to manage this competition is the choice of species adapted in terms of growth dynamics and water and nutrients’ needs. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of temporary service crops on grapevine water and nitrogen status and grapevine yield and yield components in a Mediterranean vineyard.

Read More