terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Abstract

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

In our research, we focused on eight 14-year-old Vitis vinifera cv. grape varieties from the same plot (VITADAPT program, 2022 vintage): Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carménère, Castets, Cot, Merlot, Petit Verdot, and Touriga Nacional. Grape berries were harvested on five stages i.e. mid-véraison (MV), half-maturity (MM), 7 days before maturity (M-7), maturity (M), and 10 days post-maturity (M+10) and microvinifications were conducted on the three last stages. In this study, we aim to use high-throughput profiling techniques for an in-depth metabolite analysis[2]. We selected targeted analysis (GC/MS) for known aroma families (such as lactone, furanones, carbonyls, methoxypyrazines…) and untargeted (GCxGC TOF MS) metabolomics analysis and computational methods, including multivariate data analysis for detecting aromatic families extensively. The processing of spectral data, identifying variations, and cross-referencing GC/MS values will be integral parts of our methodology. Concurrently, we also assessed various climate variables to understand their impact on grape composition and the sensory characteristics of the wine produced.

Our approach will refine the impact of harvest date according to known climatic variables on the expression of metabolite and metabolic pathways due to environmental and genotypic variations. This comprehensive metabolomic analysis is aimed at deepening our understanding of berry, must and wine aroma composition and their metabolite pathways, ultimately enhancing their quality and value.

References:

1)  Pons A, et al. (2017) What is the expected impact of climate change on wine aroma compounds and         their precursors in grape? OENO One, 51(2): 141–146. DOI10.20870/oeno-one.2017.51.2.1868

2)  Gao B, et al. (2019) Opportunities and challenges using non-targeted methods for food fraud detection. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 67: 8425-8430.

This study received financial support from the French government in the framework of the IdEX Bordeaux University “Investments for the Future” program / GPR Bordeaux Plant Sciences. We thank the INRAe BAP and TRANSFORM departments for the financial support of the CARMA project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Jacqueline SANTOS1*, Alexia BAÏRI1, Agnès DESTRAC-IRVINE1, Maria LAFARGUE1, Sylvain PRIGENT, Cécile THIBON2, Sabine GUILLAUMIE1, Alexandre PONS2,3

1EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1366 OENOLOGIE, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
3Seguin Moreau cooperage, ZI merpins, 16103 Cognac, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

climate change, aromatic compounds, untargeted analysis, metabolite association network, grapevine metabolome

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Control of bacterial growth in carbonic maceration winemaking through yeast inoculation

Controlling the development of the bacterial population during the winemaking process is essential for obtaining correct wines[1]. Carbonic Maceration (CM) wines are recognised as high-quality young wines. However, due to its particularities, CM winemaking implies a higher risk of bacterial growth: lower SO2 levels, enrichment of the must in nutrients, oxygen trapped between the clusters… Therefore, wines produced by CM have slightly higher volatile acidity values than those produced by the destemming/crushing method[2].

Read More

Grapevine adaptation to drought and resistance to Neofusicoccum parvum, causal agent of Botryosphaeria dieback

The sustainability of viticulture in response to climate change has been addressed mainly considering agronomic impacts, such as water management and diseases, either separately or together.
In grapevines, there is strong evidence that different genotypes respond differently to biotic and abiotic stresses. A screening was conducted on various local cultivars in response to drought and Neofusicoum parvum infection aiming to evaluate their susceptibility to abiotic stress and resistance to fungal diseases.

Read More

Genetic identification of 200-year-old Serbian grapevine herbarium

Botanist Andreas Raphael Wolny collected a grapevine herbarium from 1812-1824 in Sremski Karlovci (wine region of Vojvodina, Serbia), which represents local cultivated grapevine diversity before the introduction of grape phylloxera in the region. The herbarium comprises over 100 samples organized into two subcollections based on berry colour (red and white varieties), totaling 47 different grape varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the historical varietal assortment of Balkan and Pannonian winegrowing areas with long viticulture traditions.

Read More

The surprising role of VvLYK6 in grapevine immune responses triggered by chitin oligomers

For sustainable viticulture, the substitution of chemical inputs with biocontrol products has become one of the most considered strategies. This strategy is based on elicitor-triggered immunity that requires a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in plant defense activation. Plant immune responses are triggered through the perception of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) which are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) at the plasma membrane.

Read More

Evaluation of phenology, agronomic and oenological quality in minority wine varieties in Madrid as a strategy for adaptation to climate change

The main phenological stages (budburst, flowering, veraison, and ripeness) and the fruit composition of 34 Spanish minority varieties were studied to determine their cultivation potential and help winegrowers adapt their production systems to climate change conditions. In total, 4 control cultivars, and 30 minority varieties from central Spain were studied during a period of 3 campaigns, in the ampelographic collection “El Encín”, in Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Agronomic and oenological characteristics such as yield, and total soluble solids concentration have been monitored.

Read More