terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Abstract

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

In our research, we focused on eight 14-year-old Vitis vinifera cv. grape varieties from the same plot (VITADAPT program, 2022 vintage): Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carménère, Castets, Cot, Merlot, Petit Verdot, and Touriga Nacional. Grape berries were harvested on five stages i.e. mid-véraison (MV), half-maturity (MM), 7 days before maturity (M-7), maturity (M), and 10 days post-maturity (M+10) and microvinifications were conducted on the three last stages. In this study, we aim to use high-throughput profiling techniques for an in-depth metabolite analysis[2]. We selected targeted analysis (GC/MS) for known aroma families (such as lactone, furanones, carbonyls, methoxypyrazines…) and untargeted (GCxGC TOF MS) metabolomics analysis and computational methods, including multivariate data analysis for detecting aromatic families extensively. The processing of spectral data, identifying variations, and cross-referencing GC/MS values will be integral parts of our methodology. Concurrently, we also assessed various climate variables to understand their impact on grape composition and the sensory characteristics of the wine produced.

Our approach will refine the impact of harvest date according to known climatic variables on the expression of metabolite and metabolic pathways due to environmental and genotypic variations. This comprehensive metabolomic analysis is aimed at deepening our understanding of berry, must and wine aroma composition and their metabolite pathways, ultimately enhancing their quality and value.

References:

1)  Pons A, et al. (2017) What is the expected impact of climate change on wine aroma compounds and         their precursors in grape? OENO One, 51(2): 141–146. DOI10.20870/oeno-one.2017.51.2.1868

2)  Gao B, et al. (2019) Opportunities and challenges using non-targeted methods for food fraud detection. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 67: 8425-8430.

This study received financial support from the French government in the framework of the IdEX Bordeaux University “Investments for the Future” program / GPR Bordeaux Plant Sciences. We thank the INRAe BAP and TRANSFORM departments for the financial support of the CARMA project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Jacqueline SANTOS1*, Alexia BAÏRI1, Agnès DESTRAC-IRVINE1, Maria LAFARGUE1, Sylvain PRIGENT, Cécile THIBON2, Sabine GUILLAUMIE1, Alexandre PONS2,3

1EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1366 OENOLOGIE, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
3Seguin Moreau cooperage, ZI merpins, 16103 Cognac, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

climate change, aromatic compounds, untargeted analysis, metabolite association network, grapevine metabolome

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Understanding the impact of rising temperatures due to climate change on aromatic compositions in Malbec wines from Mendoza, Argentina

Mendoza is one of Argentina’s most important and outstanding wine regions producing the renowned Malbec wines due to its optimal soil and weather conditions. However, the effects of 21st-century climate change would negatively impact Malbec wines quality. This study investigated the effect of temperature increase and the impact of plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) used to mitigate the negative effect of temperature increase on Malbec wines aromatic composition through GC-MS. Four treatments were applied on vines at field condition: Control, Control + 3 ºC, ABA and ABA + 3 ºC.

Read More

Foliar application of urea improved the nitrogen composition of Chenin grapes

The nitrogen composition of the grapes directly affects the developments of alcoholic fermentation and influences the final aromatic composition of the wines. The aim of this study was to determine the effect and efficiency of foliar applications of urea on the nitrogen composition of grapes. This study was carried out during 2023 vintage and in the Chenin vineyard located in Estacion Experimental Mendoza (Argentina). Three urea concentrations 3, 6 and 9 Kg N/ha (C1, C2, and C3, respectively) and control (T) were applied in this vineyard at veraison. In all solutions were added 1ml/l of Tween 80 ® surfactant.

Read More

Implications of the nature of organic mulches used in vineyards on grapevine water status, yield, berry quality and biological soil health  

Climate emergency is going to affect the agricultural suistainability, wine grapes being probably one of the crops more sensitive to environmental constraints. In this context, mitigation strategies such as the revalorization of agricultural wastes are paramount to cope with the current challenges. The use of organic mulches has been reported to reduce soil water evaporation and improve vine water status, reduce soil erosion, and increase soil organic matter with little impact on berry quality. However, less is known about their effects on the microbiote of vineyards.

Read More

Effect of soil particle size on vine water status, leaf ABA content and berry quality in Nebbiolo grapes

The root and shoot abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in response to water deficit and its relation with stomatal conductance is longtime known in grapevine. ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signalling response to osmotic stress coexist in sessile plants. In grapevine, the signaling role of ABA in response to water stress conditions and its influence on berry quality is critical to manage grapevine acclimation to climate change.

Read More

Characterization of a Sémillon clonal population: exploring genetic diversity, metabolomic profiles, and phenotypic variations

Sémillon is a cultivated grape variety known for contributing to dry and sweet white wine production. However, only seven approved clones have been officially recognized in France[1]. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and metabolomic profiles of a Sémillon clonal population, shedding light on the potential variations within this important grape variety.

Read More