terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 The 1000 grapevine genomes project: Cataloguing Australia’s grapevine germplasm

The 1000 grapevine genomes project: Cataloguing Australia’s grapevine germplasm

Abstract

Grapevine cultivars can be unequivocally typed by both physical differences (ampelography) and genetic tests. However due to their very similar characteristics, the identification of clones within a cultivar relies on the accurate tracing of supply records to the point of origin. Such records are not always available or reliable, particularly for older accessions. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) provides the most highly detailed methodology for defining grapevine cultivars and more importantly, this can be extended to differentiating clones within those cultivars.

 

The AWRI has developed a world-first clonal sequencing methodology that combines the latest next-generation genome sequencing technologies, high-performance computing and customised bioinformatics tools. This technique has been successfully used to define clonal variation across 1000 accessions of 20 different cultivars obtained from nurseries and vineyards throughout Australia.

 

To aid in the phylogenetic analysis and identification of intra-cultivar somatic mutations, long-read reference genomes were produced for several cultivars, including Shiraz, Grenache and Sauvignon Blanc. These reference genomes were also used to detect unique structural variations that may be important drivers of the phenotypic differences observed between these cultivars.

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Wine Australia, with levies from Australia’s grapegrowers and winemakers and matching funds from the Australian Government. Support for DNA sequencing was provided by Bioplatforms Australia as part of the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, an initiative of the Australian Government. The AWRI is a member of the Wine Innovation Cluster (WIC) in Adelaide.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Cristobal Onetto1*, Christopher Ward1, Steven Van Den Heuvel1, Simon Schmidt1, Anthony Borneman1

1The Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia

Contact the author*

Keywords

grapevine, germplasm, clonal identification, whole genome sequencing

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of phenology, agronomic and oenological quality in minority wine varieties in Madrid as a strategy for adaptation to climate change

The main phenological stages (budburst, flowering, veraison, and ripeness) and the fruit composition of 34 Spanish minority varieties were studied to determine their cultivation potential and help winegrowers adapt their production systems to climate change conditions. In total, 4 control cultivars, and 30 minority varieties from central Spain were studied during a period of 3 campaigns, in the ampelographic collection “El Encín”, in Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Agronomic and oenological characteristics such as yield, and total soluble solids concentration have been monitored.

Read More

Preliminary study of extraction of polysaccharides from pomace by high powered ultrasonic combined with enzymes

Red grape pomace can be an important source of polysaccharides, but currently they are little studied and even less with viable and environmental extraction processes (green extraction). These green techniques must be able to break the cell wall so that the compounds contained in the cells, including polysaccharides, are released and can have a great influence on extraction yields, the chemical structure of polysaccharides and applications in wines. Amongst the emerging green techniques most applied to the extraction of bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, high-power ultrasound (US) and enzyme-assisted extraction stand out.

Read More

Conventional and alternative pest management strategies: a comparative proteomic study on musts

In a context of sustainable agriculture, “agroecological immunity” is an emerging concept to reduce the use of chemical pesticides to protect crops against pathogens. This alternative strategy aims to combine different levers including the use of “bio”solutions. These include biocontrol products, some of which being plant defense elicitors, as well as products authorized in organic farming such as copper or sulfur. In vineyards, depending on climate conditions, powdery and downy mildews can be devastating diseases.

Read More

Impact of toasting and botanical origin on oak wood (Q. sp.) volatilome using untargeted GCxGC-ToFMS analysis

Many works have been carried out to identify the key aroma volatile compounds of oak wood (e.g., whisky-lactone, furfural, maltol, eugenol, guaiacol, vanillin) using conventional gas chromatography coupled with olfactometry and mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS). Inspired by recent untargeted approaches in the field of food “omics”, this work aims to extend our knowledge on the impact of cooperage process on the volatile composition of oak wood using two-dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-ToFMS).

Read More

Toasting and grain effect on Tempranillo red wine aged in Quercus petraea barrels

The barrel-making process is widely recognized as a crucial practice that affects the composition of barrel-aged wine. After the drying process, the staves are considered ready for barrel assembly, which includes the processes of bending and toasting the barrel structure. Toasting is considered one of the most critical stages in determining the physical and chemical composition of the staves, which can influence the chemical and sensory composition of the wine aged in barrels made from them [1].

Read More