terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Impact of polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance on the yield and must quality traits of grapevine varieties

Impact of polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance on the yield and must quality traits of grapevine varieties

Abstract

The effects of climate change in viticulture are currently a major concern, with heat waves and drought affecting yield, wine quality, and in extreme cases, even plant survival. Ancient grapevine varieties have high intravarietal genetic variability that so far has been explored successfully to improve yield and must quality. Currently, there is little information available on intravarietal variability regarding responses to stress. In the current work, the intravarietal genetic variability of several Portuguese varieties was studied for yield, must quality, and tolerance to abiotic stress, through indirect, rapid, and nondestructive measurements carried out in the field.

The present work describes an innovative approach in selection for abiotic stress tolerance, performed in experimental populations of several varieties installed according to resolvable row-column designs with 4 to 6 replicates1. Representative samples of the intravarietal variability of three ancient varieties (Uva Cão, Castelão, and Moscatel Graúdo) under conditions of drought and extreme heat were measured for surface leaf temperature (SLT), a parameter that had already been used for the varieties Aragonez2 and Arinto3, with good results. This was complemented with analyses of yield and quality characteristics of the must. Linear mixed models were fitted to the data of the traits evaluated, and the empirical best linear unbiased predictors (EBLUPs) of genotypic effects for each trait were obtained as well as the coefficient of genotypic variation (CVG) and broad sense heritability4. The genotypes were then ranked according to their level of tolerance to abiotic stress, and the changes in yield and traits of quality of the must were assessed for those genotypes. The results obtained will be the basis to develop, for those varieties, a new type of polyclonal selected material with increased tolerance to abiotic stress, in relation to the average of the varieties.

Acknowledgements: Projects “Conservation and selection of ancient grapevine varieties” (PDR2020-784-042704), “Save the intra-varietal diversity of autochthonous grapevine varieties” (PRR-C05-i03-|-000016); FCT: DL57/2016/CP1382/CT0024 to LC; UIDB/04129/2020 and LEAF Thematic Line Project Clones4ClimateChange.

1)  Gonçalves E. et. al. (2010) Experimental designs for evaluation of genetic variability and selection of ancient grapevine varieties: a simulation study. Heredity, 104: 552–562. DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2009.153

2)  Carvalho L.C. et. al. (2020) Selecting Aragonez genotypes able to outplay climate change driven abiotic stress. Front. Plant Sci., 11: 599230, DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.599230

3)  Carvalho L.C. et. al. (2023) Polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance in Arinto: implications in yield and quality of the must. 44th World Congress of Vine and Wine, Cádiz, Spain, 5-9 June.

4)  Gonçalves E. and Martins A. (2019). Genetic gains of selection in ancient grapevine cultivars. Acta Hortic., 1248, 47–54. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1248.7

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Luísa Carvalho1, Teresa Pinto2, Joana Ribeiro1, J. Miguel Costa1, Antero Martins1,2, Elsa Gonçalves1,2

1LEAF- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA; Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
2Associação Portuguesa para a Diversidade da Videira – PORVID, Lisboa, Portugal

Contact the author*

Keywords

abiotic stress, grapevine, intravarietal variability, polyclonal selection, surface leaf temperature

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

The use of plasma activated water in barrel disinfection: impact on oak wood composition

The use of barrels is a practice that improves the quality of wines. The porous structure of wood favors the accumulation of microorganisms that can deteriorate the quality of wines so that barrel cleaning and sanitizing treatments are essential. The burning of sulphur discs has been the most common practice in winemaking because ots biocide effect. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is still insufficient and it is harmful for human health.

Read More

New oenological criteria for selecting strains of Lachancea thermotolerans for wine technology

The study conducted various fermentations of different grape juices using various strains of Lachancea thermotolerans and one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Because of the new conditions caused by climate change, wine acidity must be influenced as well as the volatile profile. Non-Saccharomyces yeasts such as L. thermotolerans are real options to mitigate the impact of climate change in wine production.

Read More

Nitrogen forms and Iron deficiency: how do Grapevine rootstocks responses change?

Grapevine rootstocks provide protection against environmental biotic and abiotic stresses. Nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) are growth-limiting factors in many crop plants due to their effects on the chlorophyll and photosynthetic characteristics. Iron nutrition of plants can be significantly affected by different nitrogen forms through altering the uptake ratio of cations and anions, and changing rhizosphere pH. The aim of this study was to investigate the response mechanisms of grapevine rootstocks due to the interaction between different nitrogen forms and iron uptake.

Read More

The potential of some native varieties of Argentina for the production of sparkling wines. Effect of lees contact time 

Grapevine varieties from South-America, commonly known as criollas, originated because of the natural crossbreeding of grapevine varieties brought by the Spaniards. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of some varieties to produce sparkling wines considering the effect of lees contact time. The following varieties were used: Moscatel Rosado, Criolla Chica, Pedro Gimenez, Blanca Oval, Canelón, and the European variety Chardonnay (control), planted in the ampelographic collection of EEA Mendoza INTA (Argentina). Pilot-scale vinifications were carried out to obtain the base wines, in 20 L glass containers. The second fermentation was performed through the traditional method.

Read More

Early defoliation positively enhances bioactive composition of berries with no effect on cuticle characteristics

Leaf removal in the fruit-zone has been employed to improve cluster light exposure and ventilation and therefore increase metabolite accumulation and reduce botrytis incidence in berries. When applied before flowering (early defoliation – ED), it can also decrease cluster compactness and regulate yield in high-yielding varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ED on the physiology and metabolism of Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) berries along the ripening period. The experiment was set up in 2013 at a commercial vineyard located in the Lisbon winegrowing region.

Read More