terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Abstract

Climate change is increasing water needs in most of the wine growing regions while reducing the availability and quality of water resources for irrigation. In this context, the sustainability of Mediterranean viticulture depends on grapevine responses to the combinations of water and salt stress. With this aim, this work studies the effects of deficit irrigation and salinity on the physiology of the Tempranillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto a drought and salinity tolerant rootstock (1103 Paulsen). The experiment was carried out in 2020 in a vineyard with a 22 factorial design located in Moncada, Valencia, Spain. The factors studied were two sustained irrigation regimes (100% and 50% of crop water needs) with two water salinity levels (EC of 0.8 and 3.5 dS m–1). Results showed that water deficit significantly impacted vine water relations and leaf gas exchange at the beginning of the season, but that throughout the season the vine adapted to water availability by regulating vigor. Total leaf area was also reduced by salt stress. However, the effect of salinity on vine water status became more evident as the season progressed. Despite the osmotic adjustment caused by both water deficit and salinity, the strong relationship between soil water potential (YPD) and gas exchange rates revealed the cumulative effect of both factors on vine water status. Similarly, chloride content was increased by the effect of salinity but also of water deficit in leaf and petiole, as well as in grape. Cumulative effects were also observed in the reduction of berry mass and in the increase of total soluble solids and must pH, but not in vine yield. These results evidence the importance of assessing abiotic stresses in combination. Experiments are ongoing to evaluate the effect on the agronomic response and possible carry-over effects.

Acknowledgements: This research has been funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación with FEDER (grant number PID2021–123305OB-C31).

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

I. Buesa1,2 *, M. Tasa1, J.M de Paz1, F. Visconti1,3, M.A. Martínez-Gimeno1, E. Badal1, L. Bonet1, D.S. Intrigliolo3 and J.G. Pérez-Pérez1

1 Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo Agricultura Sostenible, Apartado Oficial 46113, Moncada, Valencia.
2 Grupo de investigación de Biología de las Plantas en Condiciones Mediterráneas-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (PlantMed-UIB), Cra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122, Palma.
3 CSIC, Departamento de Ecología, Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera CV‑315, km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia.

Contact the author*

Keywords

gas exchange, osmotic adjustment, Vitis vinifera L, water relations

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

The colour pattern of flower arrangements influence wine tasters’ sensory description

The arrangements of flowers and wine counterparts are inextricably linked. Whether a fundamental aspect of tablescaping or acolytes to broader entertainment rituals, they have an entangled history since ancient times. The aim of this contribution is to verify the influence of visually delicate and robust flower arrangements on individual description of wines. Changes in the sensory description of wines were investigated during subjects’ (thirty-two participants) exposure to three different conditions: the presence of delicate, robust, or totally absent flower arrangements.

Read More

Assessment of plant water consumption rates under climate change conditions through an automated modular platform

The impact of climate change is noticeable in the present weather, making water scarcity the most immediate mediator reducing the performance and viability of crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The present study developed a system (hardware, firmware, and software) for the determination of plant water use through changes in weight through a period. The aim is to measure the differences in grapevine water consumption in response to climate change (+4oC and 700 ppm) under controlled conditions. The results reveal a correlation between daily plant consumption rates and reference evapotranspiration (ETo).

Read More

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

Read More

Moderate wine consumption – part of a balanced diet or a health risk?

Consumption of wine/alcoholic beverages remains a topic of great uncertainty and controversy worldwide. The term “no safe level” dominates the media communication and policy ever since population studies in 2018 [1,2] were published, which denied the existence of a J-curve and suggested that ANY consumption of an alcoholic beverage is harmful to health. The scientific evidence accumulated during the past decades about the health benefits of moderate wine consumption, were questioned and drinking guidelines considered to be too loose.

Read More

Foliar application of urea improved the nitrogen composition of Chenin grapes

The nitrogen composition of the grapes directly affects the developments of alcoholic fermentation and influences the final aromatic composition of the wines. The aim of this study was to determine the effect and efficiency of foliar applications of urea on the nitrogen composition of grapes. This study was carried out during 2023 vintage and in the Chenin vineyard located in Estacion Experimental Mendoza (Argentina). Three urea concentrations 3, 6 and 9 Kg N/ha (C1, C2, and C3, respectively) and control (T) were applied in this vineyard at veraison. In all solutions were added 1ml/l of Tween 80 ® surfactant.

Read More