terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Abstract

Climate change is increasing water needs in most of the wine growing regions while reducing the availability and quality of water resources for irrigation. In this context, the sustainability of Mediterranean viticulture depends on grapevine responses to the combinations of water and salt stress. With this aim, this work studies the effects of deficit irrigation and salinity on the physiology of the Tempranillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto a drought and salinity tolerant rootstock (1103 Paulsen). The experiment was carried out in 2020 in a vineyard with a 22 factorial design located in Moncada, Valencia, Spain. The factors studied were two sustained irrigation regimes (100% and 50% of crop water needs) with two water salinity levels (EC of 0.8 and 3.5 dS m–1). Results showed that water deficit significantly impacted vine water relations and leaf gas exchange at the beginning of the season, but that throughout the season the vine adapted to water availability by regulating vigor. Total leaf area was also reduced by salt stress. However, the effect of salinity on vine water status became more evident as the season progressed. Despite the osmotic adjustment caused by both water deficit and salinity, the strong relationship between soil water potential (YPD) and gas exchange rates revealed the cumulative effect of both factors on vine water status. Similarly, chloride content was increased by the effect of salinity but also of water deficit in leaf and petiole, as well as in grape. Cumulative effects were also observed in the reduction of berry mass and in the increase of total soluble solids and must pH, but not in vine yield. These results evidence the importance of assessing abiotic stresses in combination. Experiments are ongoing to evaluate the effect on the agronomic response and possible carry-over effects.

Acknowledgements: This research has been funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación with FEDER (grant number PID2021–123305OB-C31).

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

I. Buesa1,2 *, M. Tasa1, J.M de Paz1, F. Visconti1,3, M.A. Martínez-Gimeno1, E. Badal1, L. Bonet1, D.S. Intrigliolo3 and J.G. Pérez-Pérez1

1 Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo Agricultura Sostenible, Apartado Oficial 46113, Moncada, Valencia.
2 Grupo de investigación de Biología de las Plantas en Condiciones Mediterráneas-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (PlantMed-UIB), Cra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122, Palma.
3 CSIC, Departamento de Ecología, Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera CV‑315, km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia.

Contact the author*

Keywords

gas exchange, osmotic adjustment, Vitis vinifera L, water relations

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022.

Read More

Drought responses of grapevine cultivars under different environments

Using grapevine genetic diversity is one of the strategies to adapt viticulture to climate change. In this sense, assessing the plasticity of cultivars in their responses to environmental conditions is essential. For this purpose, the drought tolerance of Grenache, Tempranillo and Semillon cultivars grafted onto SO4 was evaluated at two experimental vineyards, one located in Valencia (Spain) and the other in Bordeaux (France). This was done by assessing gas exchange parameters, water relations and leaf hydraulic traits at the end of the season.

Read More

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.

Read More

Aromatic characterization of Moscato Giallo by GC-MS/MS and stable isotopic ratio analysis of the major volatile compounds

Among the Moscato grapes, Moscato Giallo is a winegrape variety characterized by a high content of free and glycosylated monoterpenoids, which gives very aromatic wines. The aromatic bouquet of Moscato Giallo is strongly influenced by the high concentration of linalool, geraniol, linalool oxides, limonene, α-terpineol, citronellol, HO-trienol, HO-diols, 8-Hydroxylinalool, geranic acid and β-myrcene, that give citrus, rose, and peach notes.

Read More

Water and nutritional savings shape non-structural carbohydrates in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cuttings

Global changes and sustainability challenge researchers in saving water and nutrients. The response of woody crops, which can be forced at facing more drought events during their life, is particularly important. Vitis vinifera can be an important model for its relevance in countries subjected to climate changes and its breeding, requiring cuttings plantation and strong pruning.

Read More