terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Abstract

Climate change is increasing water needs in most of the wine growing regions while reducing the availability and quality of water resources for irrigation. In this context, the sustainability of Mediterranean viticulture depends on grapevine responses to the combinations of water and salt stress. With this aim, this work studies the effects of deficit irrigation and salinity on the physiology of the Tempranillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto a drought and salinity tolerant rootstock (1103 Paulsen). The experiment was carried out in 2020 in a vineyard with a 22 factorial design located in Moncada, Valencia, Spain. The factors studied were two sustained irrigation regimes (100% and 50% of crop water needs) with two water salinity levels (EC of 0.8 and 3.5 dS m–1). Results showed that water deficit significantly impacted vine water relations and leaf gas exchange at the beginning of the season, but that throughout the season the vine adapted to water availability by regulating vigor. Total leaf area was also reduced by salt stress. However, the effect of salinity on vine water status became more evident as the season progressed. Despite the osmotic adjustment caused by both water deficit and salinity, the strong relationship between soil water potential (YPD) and gas exchange rates revealed the cumulative effect of both factors on vine water status. Similarly, chloride content was increased by the effect of salinity but also of water deficit in leaf and petiole, as well as in grape. Cumulative effects were also observed in the reduction of berry mass and in the increase of total soluble solids and must pH, but not in vine yield. These results evidence the importance of assessing abiotic stresses in combination. Experiments are ongoing to evaluate the effect on the agronomic response and possible carry-over effects.

Acknowledgements: This research has been funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación with FEDER (grant number PID2021–123305OB-C31).

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

I. Buesa1,2 *, M. Tasa1, J.M de Paz1, F. Visconti1,3, M.A. Martínez-Gimeno1, E. Badal1, L. Bonet1, D.S. Intrigliolo3 and J.G. Pérez-Pérez1

1 Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro para el Desarrollo Agricultura Sostenible, Apartado Oficial 46113, Moncada, Valencia.
2 Grupo de investigación de Biología de las Plantas en Condiciones Mediterráneas-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (PlantMed-UIB), Cra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122, Palma.
3 CSIC, Departamento de Ecología, Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera CV‑315, km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia.

Contact the author*

Keywords

gas exchange, osmotic adjustment, Vitis vinifera L, water relations

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Phenotyping bud break and trafficking of dormant buds from grafted vine

In grapevine, phenology from bud break to berry maturation, depends on temperature and water availability. Increases in average temperatures accelerates initiation of bud break, exposing newly formed shoots to detrimental environmental stresses. It is therefore essential to identify genotypes that could delay phenology in order to adapt to the environment. The use of different rootstocks has been applied to change scion’s characteristics, to adapt and resist to abiotic and biotic stresses[1].

Read More

Applicability of spectrofluorometry and voltammetry in combination with machine learning approaches for authentication of DOCa Rioja Tempranillo wines

The main objective of the work was to develop a simple, robust and selective analytical tool that allows predicting the authenticity of Tempranillo wines from DOCa Rioja. The techniques of voltammetry and absorbance-transmission and fluorescence excitation emission matrix (A-TEEM) spectroscopy have been applied in combination with machine learning (ML) algorithms to classify red wines from DOCa Rioja according to region (Alavesa, Alta or Oriental) and category (young, crianza or reserva).

Read More

Entomopathogenic nematodes application for controlling Lobesia botrana in grapevine and their impact on grapevine quality 

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are well-known biological control agents combined with specific adjuvants that now allow their use against aerial pests. Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is one of the major harmful pests detected in worldwide vineyards. Previous studies demonstrated that the EPNs Steinernema feltiae and S. carpocapsae could control L. botrana. The hypothesis was that the best combination of EPN-adjuvant/timing (season/temperatures) will support the use of EPN in the vineyard against L. botrana with no impact on the grape performance.

Read More

Lipids at the crossroads of protection: lipid signalling in grapevine defence mechanisms

Understanding grapevine molecular processes and the underlying defence responses is vital for developing sustainable disease control strategies. Lipid signalling pathways, involving the synthesis and degradation of lipid molecules, have emerged as a key regulator in plant defence against pathogens. This study aims to elucidate the role of fatty acids and lipid signalling in grapevine’s defence response to P. viticola infection. The expression of lipid metabolism-related as well as lipid signalling genes was analysed, by qPCR, in three grapevine genotypes: Chardonnay (susceptible), Regent (tolerant) with Rpv3-1 resistance loci, and Sauvignac (resistant) harbouring a pyramid of Rpv12 and Rpv3-1 resistance loci.

Read More

Quantifying water use diversity across grapevine rootstock-scion combinations

Vines require proper light levels, temperature, and water availability, and climate change is modifying these factors, hampering yield and quality. Despite the large diversity of rootstocks, varieties, and clones, we still lack knowledge of their combined effects and potential role in a warmer and dryer future. Therefore, we aim to characterize some of the existing diversity of rootstocks and genotypes and their interaction at the eco-physiological level, combining stomatal conductance (gs) and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis.

Read More