terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Abstract

The market trend heads to food products with less chemical inputs, including in oenology. During the winemaking process, sulfites are commonly use to avoid microbiological contamination and stabilization of the wine thanks to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, this use is not without consequences on human health and environment, leading for example to allergic reaction and pollution. A biological alternative to these sulfites has emerges: the bioprotection. This method consists to inoculate at the pre-fermentation stage, a microorganism able to inhibit the growth of the negative indigenous flora. The genus Metschnikowia is well know to have this bioprotection property, especially M. pulcherrima and M. fructicola, but the mechanisms remain poorly studied. This project aims to study the bioprotection abilities of 50 strains of Metschnikowia, including 16 species, against Gluconobacter oxydansand Brettanomyces bruxellensis, both known to lead to defects in organoleptic properties of the wine. To investigate the bioprotection effect, grape juice was inoculated with Metschnikowia sp. and G. oxydans or Metschnikowia sp. And B. bruxellensis. The capacity of Metschnikowia to inhibit G. oxydans growth was evaluated for 7 days by plate counting and by digital PCR for B. bruxellensis. In parallel, Metschnikowia species are inoculated in synthetic grape must to quantify the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. This acid is considered as a way for the yeast to compete for iron in the medium, and thus as a method of bioprotection. The results show a diversity in the bioprotection effect towards the spoilage microorganisms and in the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. The bioprotection could be an alternative in the sustainable pre-fermentative management of winemaking process.

Acknowledgements: We were grateful to Région Occitanie and INRAE MICA department for funding this project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Julie Aragno1, Angèle Thiriet2, Pascale Fernandez-Valle1, Cécile Grondin2, Jean-Luc Legras1,2, Carole Camarasa1, Audrey Bloem1

1 UMR SPO, Université Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
2 CIRM Levures, UMR SPO, Montpellier

Contact the author*

Keywords

alcoholic fermentation, bioprotection, Metschnikowia sp., diversity

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Phenotyping bud break and trafficking of dormant buds from grafted vine

In grapevine, phenology from bud break to berry maturation, depends on temperature and water availability. Increases in average temperatures accelerates initiation of bud break, exposing newly formed shoots to detrimental environmental stresses. It is therefore essential to identify genotypes that could delay phenology in order to adapt to the environment. The use of different rootstocks has been applied to change scion’s characteristics, to adapt and resist to abiotic and biotic stresses[1].
Read More

Characterization of non-cultivated wild grapevines in Extremadura (Spain) 

Several Eurasian wild grapevine populations were found along Extremadura region (southwestern Spain). For conservation and study, one individual from four different populations (named L1, L2, L5 and L6) was vegetatively propagated and planted at Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias Finca La Orden (CICYTEX), Badajoz. The aim of the present work was to characterize those conserved individuals from four different populations based on both an ampelographic description and a molecular analysis. Three vines per individual were studied.

Read More

Ecophysiological characterisation of terroir effects on Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay and pinot noir in south african cool climate regions

Terroir encompasses environmental (climate, geology, soil and topography), genetic (cultivar and clone) and human factors (oenological and viticultural practices). Climate change brings about shifts in the suitability of a region for the growth of specific grapevine cultivars. This study focused on climatic and fruit parameters (berry size, weight, pH, total acidity (TA) and phenolics) to characterise the terroir effect in Vitis vinifera L. cultivars Chardonnay and Pinot Noir vineyards in the Cape South Coast region (Walker Bay and Elgin).

Read More

Limiting magnesium availability: a novel approach to managing brettanomyces spoilage in winemaking

Brettanomyces is a world-renowned yeast that negatively impacts the chemical composition of wines through the production of metabolites that negatively impact the sensory properties of the final product. Its resilience in wine conditions and ability to produce off-flavors make it a challenge for winemakers. Currently, the primary control technique involves adding sulfur dioxide (SO2); however, some Brettanomyces strains are developing resistance to this preservative agent. [1] Therefore, new management strategies are necessary to control this spoilage yeast.

Read More

Sensory profile of wines obtained from disease-resistant varieties in La Rioja

The European wine industry is facing multiple challenges derived from climate change and the pressure of different fungal diseases that are compromising the production of traditional varieties. A sustainable alternative maybe the adoption of resistant varieties.
In this study, we have evaluated the enological potential of 9 resistant varieties (5 white and 4 red varieties) in La Rioja. Microvinifications were carried out with three biological replications. Oenological parameters were very diverse with acid content varying from 2.6 g/L to 6.6 g/L.

Read More