terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Abstract

The market trend heads to food products with less chemical inputs, including in oenology. During the winemaking process, sulfites are commonly use to avoid microbiological contamination and stabilization of the wine thanks to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, this use is not without consequences on human health and environment, leading for example to allergic reaction and pollution. A biological alternative to these sulfites has emerges: the bioprotection. This method consists to inoculate at the pre-fermentation stage, a microorganism able to inhibit the growth of the negative indigenous flora. The genus Metschnikowia is well know to have this bioprotection property, especially M. pulcherrima and M. fructicola, but the mechanisms remain poorly studied. This project aims to study the bioprotection abilities of 50 strains of Metschnikowia, including 16 species, against Gluconobacter oxydansand Brettanomyces bruxellensis, both known to lead to defects in organoleptic properties of the wine. To investigate the bioprotection effect, grape juice was inoculated with Metschnikowia sp. and G. oxydans or Metschnikowia sp. And B. bruxellensis. The capacity of Metschnikowia to inhibit G. oxydans growth was evaluated for 7 days by plate counting and by digital PCR for B. bruxellensis. In parallel, Metschnikowia species are inoculated in synthetic grape must to quantify the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. This acid is considered as a way for the yeast to compete for iron in the medium, and thus as a method of bioprotection. The results show a diversity in the bioprotection effect towards the spoilage microorganisms and in the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. The bioprotection could be an alternative in the sustainable pre-fermentative management of winemaking process.

Acknowledgements: We were grateful to Région Occitanie and INRAE MICA department for funding this project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Julie Aragno1, Angèle Thiriet2, Pascale Fernandez-Valle1, Cécile Grondin2, Jean-Luc Legras1,2, Carole Camarasa1, Audrey Bloem1

1 UMR SPO, Université Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
2 CIRM Levures, UMR SPO, Montpellier

Contact the author*

Keywords

alcoholic fermentation, bioprotection, Metschnikowia sp., diversity

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.
Read More

New tool to evaluate color modifications during oxygen consumption in white and red wines

Measuring the effect of oxygen consumption on the color of wines as the level of dissolved oxygen decreases over time is very useful to know how much oxygen a wine can consume without significantly altering its color. The changes produced in wine after being exposed to high oxygen concentrations have been studied by different authors, but in all cases the wine has been analyzed once the oxygen consumption process has been completed. This work presents the results obtained with the use of an equipment designed and made to measure simultaneously the level of dissolved oxygen and the spectrum of the wine, during the oxygen consumption process from saturation levels with air to very low levels, which indicate the total consumption of the dosed oxygen[1,2].

Read More

Uncovering the interplay between Copper and SO2 tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.20.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" module_font_size="16px" text_orientation="center"...
Read More

Chemical profiling and sensory analysis of wines from resistant hybrid grape cultivars vs conventional wines

Recently, there has been a shift toward sustainable wine production, according to EU policy (F2F and Green Deal), to reduce pesticide usage, improve workplace health and safety, and prevent the impacts of climate change. These trends have gained the interest of consumers and winemakers. The cultivation of disease resistant hybrid grape cultivars (DRHGC), known as ‘PIWI’ grapes can help with these objectives [1]. This study aimed to profile white and red wines produced from DRHGC in South Tyrol (Italy). Wines produced from DRHGCs were compared with conventional wines produced by the same wineries. The measured parameters were residual sugars, organic acids, alcohol content, pigments and other phenolics by LC-QqQ/MS, colorimetric indexes (CIELab); and volatile profiles (HS-SPME-GCxGC-ToF/MS [2]).

Read More

Accumulation of deleterious mutations in grapevine and its relationship with traits of interest for wine production and resilience

Deleterious mutations that severely reduce population fitness are rapidly removed from the gene pool by purifying selection. However, evolutionary drivers such as genetic drift brought about by demographic bottlenecks may comprise its efficacy by allowing deleterious mutations to accumulate, thereby limiting the adaptive potential of populations. Moreover, positive selection can hitchhike mildly deleterious mutations due to linkage caused by lack of recombination. Similarly, in the context of species domestication, artificial selection mimics these evolutionary processes, which can have undesirable consequences for production and resilience. In this study, we evaluated the extent of the accumulation of deleterious mutations and the magnitude of their effects (also known as genetic load) at the whole-genome scale for ca.

Read More