terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Defoliation combined with exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening and improved anthocyanin profile

Defoliation combined with exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening and improved anthocyanin profile

Abstract

Reducing sugar accumulation in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries may be a way to mitigate the effect of climate change. Managing canopy and crop load is an effective way to do so, however, reducing canopy size has been demonstrated to induce undesirable effects on anthocyanins. The aim of this study was to test if an application of exogenous ABA on the grape berries of defoliated vines (⅔ of the leaves removed) can result in slower sugar accumulation while maintaining grape and wine quality. An experiment with defoliation and exogenous ABA application on directly on clusters (factorial design 2×2) was performed with ‘Tempranillo’ fruit-bearing cuttings. Defoliation reduced sugar accumulation and pH, while increasing titratable acidity. Grape anthocyanin concentration was reduced by defoliation but increased with the application of ABA. Musts fermenting for 14 days along with the skins and seeds showed a higher color intensity, higher free anthocyanin concentration and a more bluish HUE (A620/520nm) in defoliated plants with ABA. Leaves are necessary for carbon fixation, but also for the biosynthesis of ABA. Our results suggest that the combination of defoliation and exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening with better anthocyanin profile and improved color which is an interesting trait for aged wine production.

Acknowledgements: Authors thank J.F. Cibriain (EVENA) for providing the plant material to do the experiments and A. Urdiain, M. Oyarzun and H. Santesteban for excellent technical support. This study was funded by the “ANDIA talento senior 2021” (Gobierno de Navarra).

DOI:

Publication date: October 9, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Johann Martínez-Lüscher 1*, Andrea Cabodevilla1, Fermín Morales2, Inmaculada Pascual1

1 Universidad de Navarra-BIOMA, Plant Stress Physiology Group (Associated Unit to CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza). Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Navarra.
2 Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra.

Contact the author*

Keywords

anthocyanin profile, wine color, ripening, plant growth regulators

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Combined use of leaf removal and natural shading to delay grape ripening in Manto negro (Vitis vinifera L.) under deficit irrigation 

The increasingly frequent heat waves during grape ripening pose challenges for premium wine grape production. This makes the development of irrigation and canopy management techniques of great importance to maximize yield and grape quality. A field experiment was carried out during 2021 and 2022 using Manto negro wine grapes to study the effect of two irrigation strategies and different light exposure levels on grape quality.

Read More

The use of plasma activated water in barrel disinfection: impact on oak wood composition

The use of barrels is a practice that improves the quality of wines. The porous structure of wood favors the accumulation of microorganisms that can deteriorate the quality of wines so that barrel cleaning and sanitizing treatments are essential. The burning of sulphur discs has been the most common practice in winemaking because ots biocide effect. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is still insufficient and it is harmful for human health.

Read More

Exploring relationships among grapevine chemical and physiological parameters and mycobiome composition under drought stress

Improving our knowledge on biotic and abiotic factors that influence the composition of the grapevine mycobiome is of great agricultural significance, due to potential effects on plant health, productivity, and wine characteristics. Among the various environmental factors affecting the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes of grapevine, drought stress is one of the most severe, becoming increasingly an issue worldwide.

Read More

Differences in metabolism among species and hybrids of the genus Saccharomyces during wine fermentation unveiled by multi-omic analysis 

Yeast species S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, S. kudriavzevii and their hybrids present clear metabolic differences, even when we compared S. cerevisiae wine versus wild strain. These species and hybrids produced significantly higher amounts of glycerol, organic acids, 2,3-butanediol, and 2-phenyl ethanol and a reduction of the ethanol yield, properties very interesting in the sector to deal with climate change effects. To understand the existing differences, we have used several omics techniques to analyze the dynamics of the (intra- and extracellular) metabolomes and/or transcriptomes of representative strains of S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, S. kudriavzevii, and hybrids.

Read More

is the overall ecological awarness among Spanish winemakers related to their attitudes towards natural wines?

The Agenda 2030 of the EU sets out the main guidelines for transitioning towards a resilient, green and safe economy. To this regard, the wine sector is experiencing an ecological transition in different ways such as increasing the production of ecological crops, or promoting the production of wines under more environmental-friendly and healthier (i.e., lower levels of SO2) products. These alternatives to conventional production are a smaller proportion of wines, in constant growth and demand, and follow alternative and minority practices, which range from sustainable to deeply philosophical thoughts. Among these methods there are organic, biodynamic and, more recently, natural wines.

Read More