terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Defoliation combined with exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening and improved anthocyanin profile

Defoliation combined with exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening and improved anthocyanin profile

Abstract

Reducing sugar accumulation in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries may be a way to mitigate the effect of climate change. Managing canopy and crop load is an effective way to do so, however, reducing canopy size has been demonstrated to induce undesirable effects on anthocyanins. The aim of this study was to test if an application of exogenous ABA on the grape berries of defoliated vines (⅔ of the leaves removed) can result in slower sugar accumulation while maintaining grape and wine quality. An experiment with defoliation and exogenous ABA application on directly on clusters (factorial design 2×2) was performed with ‘Tempranillo’ fruit-bearing cuttings. Defoliation reduced sugar accumulation and pH, while increasing titratable acidity. Grape anthocyanin concentration was reduced by defoliation but increased with the application of ABA. Musts fermenting for 14 days along with the skins and seeds showed a higher color intensity, higher free anthocyanin concentration and a more bluish HUE (A620/520nm) in defoliated plants with ABA. Leaves are necessary for carbon fixation, but also for the biosynthesis of ABA. Our results suggest that the combination of defoliation and exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening with better anthocyanin profile and improved color which is an interesting trait for aged wine production.

Acknowledgements: Authors thank J.F. Cibriain (EVENA) for providing the plant material to do the experiments and A. Urdiain, M. Oyarzun and H. Santesteban for excellent technical support. This study was funded by the “ANDIA talento senior 2021” (Gobierno de Navarra).

DOI:

Publication date: October 9, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Johann Martínez-Lüscher 1*, Andrea Cabodevilla1, Fermín Morales2, Inmaculada Pascual1

1 Universidad de Navarra-BIOMA, Plant Stress Physiology Group (Associated Unit to CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza). Irunlarrea 1, E-31008, Pamplona, Navarra.
2 Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra.

Contact the author*

Keywords

anthocyanin profile, wine color, ripening, plant growth regulators

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Understanding the impact of rising temperatures due to climate change on aromatic compositions in Malbec wines from Mendoza, Argentina

Mendoza is one of Argentina’s most important and outstanding wine regions producing the renowned Malbec wines due to its optimal soil and weather conditions. However, the effects of 21st-century climate change would negatively impact Malbec wines quality. This study investigated the effect of temperature increase and the impact of plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) used to mitigate the negative effect of temperature increase on Malbec wines aromatic composition through GC-MS. Four treatments were applied on vines at field condition: Control, Control + 3 ºC, ABA and ABA + 3 ºC.

Read More

Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Climate change is increasing water needs in most of the wine growing regions while reducing the availability and quality of water resources for irrigation. In this context, the sustainability of Mediterranean viticulture depends on grapevine responses to the combinations of water and salt stress. With this aim, this work studies the effects of deficit irrigation and salinity on the physiology of the Tempranillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto a drought and salinity tolerant rootstock (1103 Paulsen).

Read More

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.

Read More

REGAVID a decision tool to deficit irrigation in a temperate climate (DO Monterrei – Spain)

In temperate climates, such as in the North of Spain, the use of irrigation in the vineyard has not been required, due to the usual rainfall from June to August. In some large vineyards, irrigation management has been carried out, based on occasional support irrigation, or for the application of nutrients (fertigation). Currently it is necessary to implement decision support models to manage irrigation water in real time and avoid misuse of a scarce resource. Moreover, quality standards must be achieved, as in the previous rainfed viticulture.

Read More

Phenolic composition and chromatic characteristics of blends of cv. Tempranillo wines from vines grown with different viticultural techniques in a semi-arid area

The quality and color stability of red wines are directly related to content and distribution of phenolic compounds. However, the climate change produces the asynchrony between the dates of technological and maturity of grapes. The crop-forcing technique (CF) restores the coupling between phenolic and technological ripeness while limits vineyard yields. Blending of wines is frequently used to equilibriate composition of wines and to increase their stability, color and quality. The aim of the present work is to study the phenolic composition and color of wine blends made with FW (wines from vines subjected to CF) and CW (wines for vines under the usual cultivation practices).

Read More