terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Phenotyping bud break and trafficking of dormant buds from grafted vine

Phenotyping bud break and trafficking of dormant buds from grafted vine

Abstract

In grapevine, phenology from bud break to berry maturation, depends on temperature and water availability. Increases in average temperatures accelerates initiation of bud break, exposing newly formed shoots to detrimental environmental stresses. It is therefore essential to identify genotypes that could delay phenology in order to adapt to the environment. The use of different rootstocks has been applied to change scion’s characteristics, to adapt and resist to abiotic and biotic stresses[1]. It is the main objective of this project to identify rootstock genotypes that could contribute in delaying bud burst in order to adapt to extreme climate events. For this, first we investigated the cold requirements to achieve a homogenous bud break pattern from cuttings of Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Chasselas[2]. Interestingly, Merlot needs longer cold exposure times to achieve 100% bud break. Moreover, bud break of different Vitis species was assessed in the field. Two late and one early Vitis were identified which will be used as rootstock in grafts with Cabernet Sauvignon. Bud break times of these combinations will be assessed to identify changes in bud dormancy in the scion. Furthermore, buds from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and RGM are being sampled for a year-cycle to follow bud development, dormancy and bud break by RNAseq and metabolomics. This, coupled with QTLs identified from bud break of a population of Cabernet Sauvignon x Vitis riparia, will allow the identification of genes involved in dormancy and bud break. Lastly, to understand the rootstock/scion/bud communication, traficking of calceine in cuttings containing dormant and non-dormant buds was studied to indicate the moment in which this molecule is able to enter the bud. Results show that calceine is not able to enter the bud in either condition therefore, 32P is being used to rule out a possible molecular size effect.

Acknowledgements: We thank Lysiane Brocard from the Bordeaux Imaging Center for the advice on microscopy and Bordeaux Plant Sciences from the Université de Bordeaux for funding this research through the Grand Programme de Recherche (GPR).

1)  Miele A. (2019). Rootstock-scion interaction:6. Phenology, chilling and heat requirements of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 41.

2)  Dokoozlian, N.K. 1999. Chilling Temperature and Duration Interact on the Budbreak of ‘Perlette’ Grapevine Cuttings. HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 34(6), OCTOBER 1999.

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Anne Marie Labandera Nadeau1*, Elisa Marguerit1, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Coralie Chesseron2, Alain Mollier2, Pierre Gastou1, Marina de Miguel Vega1, Bénédicte Wenden3, Sarah Cookson1

1 Ecophysiology and Functional Genomics of the Grapevine – INRAE Bordeaux Aquitaine
2 Interaction Sol Plante Atmosphére (ISPA) – INRAE Bordeaux Aquitaine

Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie – INRAE Bordeaux Aquitaine

Contact the author*

Keywords

bud break, dormancy, communication, grafting

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Agronomic and oenological behavior of the minority Mandón variety on two rootstocks in the D.O. Arribes

A large population of vines of the Mandón minority red variety (synonymous with Garró) has been located in old vineyards of the D.O. Arribes (Zamora and Salamanca) to conserve and recover this minority variety. The wines made with this variety are characterized by their good structure and color, interesting harmony, an excellently low pH, with high acidity, as well as complex aromas of blue fruits and a marked and expressive minerality.

Evaluation of Furmint clones in the Tokaj Wine Region

The ’Furmint’ is the most important grape variety in the Tokaj Wine Region, constituting around 65% of its vineyard area. Before the phylloxera disease many types were grown, but as selection started in the 20th century, its diversity dramatically narrowed. As a result, the cultivation of Furmint was based mainly on two heavy-cropping clones, T.85 and T.92 at the end of the ’80s. Aims of present clone research take into account that after solely quantity as target, quality emerged in the 1990’s and most recently, typicity appeared as more private estates began their own selection program.

Organic mulches slightly influence wine phenolic composition and sensorial properties

Grapevines have traditionally been grown in semi-arid areas, but viticulture is now compromised by climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to implement environmentally friendly viticulture practices to adapt grapevines to current climatic conditions. In this context, organic mulches offer many benefits, such as reduced soil erosion and increased organic matter, soil water content and crop productivity. However, these practices must not compromise grape and wine quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on wine physicochemical and phenolic composition and sensorial properties of different soil management practices on the vine row. Over four years, five soil treatments were examined in two different vineyards.

Reconstructing ancient microbial fermentation genomes from the wine residues of Herod, Roman king of Judea

The fortress of the Herodium, built towards the end of the first century BCE/ante Cristo, on the orders of Herod the Great, Roman client king of Judea, attests the expansion of Roman influence in the eastern Mediterranean. During archaeological excavations of the Herodium in 2017[1], a winery was discovered on the ground floor of the palace, with an assortment of clay vessels in situ, including large dolia – clay fermentation vessels each capable of fermenting up to 300-400 L of wine. Thanks to the recent progresses in the field of paleogenomics[2], we could analyse the organic material consistent with grape pomace at the bottom of these vessels, by extracting and sequencing the DNA using shotgun metagenomics and targeted capture, aiming for enrichment of DNA from fermentation associated microbes.

Overall conceptual characterization of aged dry white wines using a mental descriptive questionnaire

The purpose of the present study was to understand the overall concept of an aged dry white wine using a descriptive mental questionnaire. A total of 680 worldwide participants, grouped according to their involvement in the wine business, replied to an online questionnaire to characterize the sensory analytical and synthetic descriptors of an aged dry white wine. The descriptors were selected using a Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) approach concerning wine colour, aroma, taste, mouthfeel, and global appreciation.