GiESCO 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 GiESCO 9 GiESCO 2019 9 Effects of early leaf removal on grape quality of Albariño vines subjected to different water regimes

Effects of early leaf removal on grape quality of Albariño vines subjected to different water regimes

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study – The grape quality is affected by the canopy manipulation. Water management is a fundamental tool for controlling reproductive growth and grape quality. Moreover, the overall effect of irrigation might produce changes according to other cultural practices, particularly those associated with leaf removal. The present study aimed to determine the effect of early defoliation on the volatile composition of cv Albariño under different water regimes. 

Material and methods – This work was conducted in 2016 and 2017 growing seasons in an experimental vineyard of Vitis vinifera cv. Albariño located in Galicia (Spain), Denomination of Origin Rías Baixas. 
The early defoliation treatment was applied by leaf removing of the first six basal leaves at before flowering (DF) and compared with an undefoliated control treatment (C). DF and C were applied to vines on different water regime treatments, rainfed (R0) and drip irrigated at 30 % of the reference evapotranspiration (R2). The grapes from each experimental treatment replication were analyzed by chemical (OIV methods) and volatile composition (GC-MS). 

Results – Glucose and fructose (G+F) reached the highest values in R0. Early defoliation (DF) applied in both water regimes (R0 and R2) increased sugars concentration and decreased the malic and tartaric acids. The GC-MS analysis of Albariño musts allowed identifying and quantifying thirty-six volatile compounds belonging to seven families, including higher alcohols C6 compounds, terpenes, C13-norisoprenoids, volatile esters, acetates, volatile acids, volatile phenols and lactones. 
Must volatile composition was affected by the treatments. Early defoliation (DF) induced an increase of total volatile concentration of cv Albariño must independently of water regime. Alcohols and terpenes+C13-norisoprenids were the most affected volatiles, increasing their concentration when early defoliation was applied in both water regimes. However, ethyl esters and C6-compounds concentration only increased when DF was applied in R0.

DOI:

Publication date: June 18, 2020

Issue: GiESCO 2019

Type: Poster

Authors

Mar Vilanova1, María Fandiño2, José Manuel Mirás-Avalos2, José Javier Cancela2

(1) Spanish National Research Council (MBG-CSIC). El Palacio-Salcedo, 36143, Pontevedra, Spain
(2) GI-1716, Agroforestry Engineering Department, EPSE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, defoliation, irrigation, grape chemical composition, volatile composition. 

Tags

GiESCO | GiESCO 2019 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Physiological and growth reaction of Shiraz/101-14 Mgt to row orientation and soil water status

Advanced knowledge on grapevine row orientation is required to improve establishment, management and outcomes of vineyards on terroirs with different environmental conditions (climate, soil, topography) and in view of a future change to more extreme climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of row orientation, plant water status and ripeness level on the physiological and viticultural reaction of Shiraz/101-14 Mgt.

Effects of mechanical leafing and deficit irrigation on Cabernet Sauvignon grown in warm climate of California

San Joaquin Valley accounts for 40% of wine grape acreage and produces 70% of wine grape in California. Fruit quality is one of most important factors which impact the economical sustainability of farming wine grapes in this region. Due to the recent drought and expected labor cost increase, the wine industry is thrilled to understand how to improve fruit quality while maintaining the yield with less water and labor input. The present study aims to study the interactive effects of mechanical leafing and deficit irrigation on yield and berry compositions of Cabernet Sauvignon grown in warm climate of California.

The effects of cane girdling on berry texture properties and the concentration of some aroma compounds in three table grape cultivars

The marketability of the table grapes is highly influenced by the consumer demand; therefore the market value of the table grapes is mainly characterized by its berry size, colour, taste and texture. Girdling could cause accumulation of several components in plants above the ringing of the phloem including clusters and resulting improved maturity. The aim of the experiments was to examine the effect of girdling on berry texture characteristics and aroma concentration.

Application of a fluorescence-based method to evaluate the ripening process and quality of Pinot Blanc grape

The chemical composition of grape berries at harvest is one of the most important factors that should be considered to produce high quality wines. Among the different chemical classes which characterize the grape juice, the polyphenolic compound, such as flavonoids, contribute to the final taste and color of wines. Recently, an innovative non-destructive method, based on chlorophyll fluorescence, was developed to estimate the phenolic maturity of red grape varieties through the evaluation of anthocyanins accumulated in the berry skin. To date, only few data are available about the application of this method on white grape varieties.

Different yield regulation strategies in semi-minimal-pruned hedge (SMPH) and impact on bunch architecture

Yields in the novel viticulture training system Semi-Minimal-Pruned Hedge (SMPH) are generally higher compared to the traditional Vertical Shoot Positioning (VSP). Excessive yields have a negative impact on the vine and wine quality, which can result in substantial losses in yield in subsequent vintages (alternate bearing) or penalties in fruit quality. Therefore yield regulation is essential. The bunch architecture in SMPH differs from VSP. Generally there is a higher amount but smaller bunches with lower single berry weights in SMPH compared to VSP.