terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OPTIMIZATION, VALIDATION AND APPLICATION OF THE EPR SPIN-TRAPPING TECHNIQUE TO THE DETECTION OF FREE RADICALS IN CHARDONNAY WINES

OPTIMIZATION, VALIDATION AND APPLICATION OF THE EPR SPIN-TRAPPING TECHNIQUE TO THE DETECTION OF FREE RADICALS IN CHARDONNAY WINES

Abstract

The aging potential of Burgundy chardonnay wines is considered as quality indicator. However, some of them exhibit higher oxidative sensitivity and premature oxidative aging symptoms, which are potentially induced by no-enzymatic oxidation such as Fenton-type reaction (Danilewicz, 2003). This chemical mechanism involves the action of transition metal, native phenolic compounds and oxygen which promote the generation of highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals (OH) or 1-hydroxyethyl radicals (1-HER) from oxidation of ethanol. Such mechanism is involved in the radical oxidation occurring during bottle aging. According to Elias et al.,(2009a), the 1-HER is the most abundant radical in forced oxidation treated wines. Consequently, understanding its evolution kinetic in dry white wines is of great importance. Due to the reactivity (Danilewicz, 2003) and short half-life (10-6-10-9s) of ROS in aqueous solution (Pryor, 1986), their direct quantitation in wine is impossible. However, by means of spin-trapping technique, the radicals can form relatively stable adducts with spin-trap, and thus be monitored in real-time by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) (Elias et al., 2009b).

This study aims to optimize and validate an EPR spin trapping method using POBN as spin trap, to monitor the formation kinetic of 1-HER in chardonnay white wine and investigate the impact of some enological parameters (pH, ethanol, acidity, sulfites) on their formation. 1-HERs were generated by Fenton reaction (Fe²+ and H₂O₂) in chardonnay wines. The relative amount of reactant was optimized. In addition, several strategies were developed to decrease the impact of bisulfite on the detection of EPR signal. Finally, the analytical method was validated in terms of repeatability and reproducibility and applied to many chardonnay wines. To some extent, this study provides new insights into radical behavior that may contribute to comprehensive understanding of the oxidative stability of chardonnay white wines.

 

1. Danilewicz, J.C., 2003. Review of Reaction Mechanisms of Oxygen and Proposed Intermediate Reduction Products in Wine: Central Role of Iron and Copper. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 54, 73–85.
2. Elias, R.J., Andersen, M.L., Skibsted, L.H., Waterhouse, A.L., 2009a. Key Factors Affecting Radical Formation in Wine Studied by Spin Trapping and EPR Spectroscopy. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 60, 471–476.
3. Elias, R.J., Andersen, M.L., Skibsted, L.H., Waterhouse, A.L., 2009b. Identification of Free Radical Intermediates in Oxidized Wine Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spin Trapping. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57, 4359–4365.
4. Pryor, W.A., 1986. Oxy-Radicals and Related Species: Their Formation, Lifetimes, and Reactions. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 48, 657–667.

DOI:

Publication date: February 9, 2024

Issue: OENO Macrowine 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Pei Han 1,2, Alexandre Pons1,2,3
1. Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2. Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
3. Seguin Moreau France, Z.I. Merpins, BP 94, 16103 Cognac, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

chardonnay, radical, wine oxidation, EPR

Tags

IVES Conference Series | oeno macrowine 2023 | oeno-macrowine

Citation

Related articles…

SHIRAZ FLAVONOID EXTRACTABILITY IMPACTED BY HIGH AND EXTREME HIGH TEMPERATURES

Climate change is leading to an increase in average temperature and in the severity and occurrence of heatwaves, and is already disrupting grapevine phenology. In Australia, with the evolution of the weather of grape growing regions that are already warm and hot, berry composition including flavonoids, for which biosynthesis depends on bunch microclimate, are expected to be impacted [1]. These compounds, such as anthocyanins and tannins, contribute substantially to grape and wine quality. The goal of this research was to determine how flavonoid extraction is impacted when bunches are exposed to high (>35 °C) and extreme high (>45 °C) temperatures during berry development and maturity.

Read More

THE IMPACT OF NON-SACCHAROMYCES YEASTS ON THE WHITE WINE QUALITY

Selected strains of non-Saccharomyces yeasts showed a positive effect on sensory characteristics and aromatic complexity of wine. A sequential microbial culture of non-Saccharomyces and S. cerevisiae species is usually inoculated due to poorer fermentability of non-Saccharomyces species. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in the production of white wines. We evaluated how individual combinations of sequential inoculations of non-Saccharomyces and S. cerevisiae species affect the aromatic compounds (volatile thiols and esters) and sensory characteristics of the wines.

Read More

IMPACT OF ACIDIFICATION AT BOTTLING BY FUMARIC ACID ON RED WINE AFTER 2 YEARS

Global warming is responsible for a lack of organic acid in grape berries, leading to wines with higher pH and lower titrable acidity. The chemical, microbiological and organoleptic equilibriums are impacted by this change of organic acid concentration. It is common practice to acidify the wine in order to prevent these imbalances that can lead to wine defects and early spoilage. Tartaric acid (TA) is most commonly used by winemaker for wine acidification purposes. Fumaric acid (FA), which is authorized by the OIV in its member states for the inhibition of malolactic fermentation, could also be used as a potential acidification candidate since it has a better acidifying power than tartaric acid.

Read More

PRECISE AND SUSTAINABLE OENOLOGY THROUGH THE OPTIMIZED USE OF AD- JUVANTS: A BENTONITE-APPLIED MODEL OF STUDY TO EXPLOIT

As wine resilience is the result of different variables, including the wine pH and the concentration of wine components, a detailed knowledge of the relationships between the adjuvant to attain stability and the oenological medium is fundamental for process optimization and to increase wine durability till the time of consumption.

Read More

PREVALENCE OF OAK-RELATED AROMA COMPOUNDS IN PREMIUM WINES

Barrel fermentation and barrel-ageing of wine are commonly utilised practices in premium wine production. The wine aroma compounds related to barrel contact are varied and can enhance a range of wine aromas and flavours, such as ‘struck flint’, ‘caramel’, ‘red berry’, ‘toasty’ and ‘nutty’, as well as conventional oaky characters such as ‘vanilla’, ‘spice’, ‘smoky’ and ‘coconut’. A survey of commercially produced premium Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay wines was conducted, assessing the prevalence of compounds that have been proposed as barrel-ageing markers¹ including oak lactones, volatile phenols, furanones, aldehydes, thiazoles2,3, phenylmethanethiol⁴ and 2-furylmethanethiol.⁵

Read More