Cultivation of grapes Chardonnay in soils with management practices biodynamic and conventional

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study – The cultivation of grapes, can be accomplished with the use of different systems and practices of agricultural management, the choice of the system to be followed in the vineyard, depends on the conditions of available resources, these being: natural, economic, social, cultural and territorial. As well, it is relevant to know the characteristics of the soil of the vineyard. In the last decade, has been recurrent use of agricultural practices which date back to milinares traditions, with the aim of promoting a recovery of soil and lead the management of cultivation with less damage to the ecosystem. The study here, aimed to quantify the environmental impacts caused in the use of nutrients in conventional tillage and of grapes in the biodynamic agricultural properties in the state of Rio Grande do Sul- Brazil.

Material and methods – Soil samples were collected from vineyards with a conventional and biodynamic management of Chardonnay vine cultivation system. The soil samples were collected in the vines line of 0-20, and 08 samples were randomly sampled in each hectare of the vineyard. Then, the chemical analysis was performed using the Rolas methodology and soil quality analysis to identify fertility and humification to measure the environmental impact caused in the soil.

Results – The results showed that the use of the soil analysis is an important tool for monitoring the vineyard, mainly in relation to the climatic conditions of the region winery in study. The analysis showed that the soil has the capacity to retain nutrients, capillarity, thickness, heat emission, exposure to the sun, physical properties and, especially, control of water supply, a determinant factor for the good quality of vinífera. The study concluded that the biodynamic contribute to fertility and the reduction of soil acidity. In addition, identified that the production of inputs for the treatment of planting, the agricultural unit, allows a better interaction with the environment and the use of raw materials and waste.