terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 An evaluation of the physiological responses of young grapevines planted and maintained under water constraint 

An evaluation of the physiological responses of young grapevines planted and maintained under water constraint 

Abstract

The aim of this ongoing study is to evaluate the degree of adaptability of grapevine scion:rootstock combinations to different conditions of water constraint. Here we present results from the young vine development phase, using three scenarios of water constraint that were implemented from planting. The experimental vineyard was established in 2020 and the data presented will cover the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 seasons. The experiment consisted of the cultivars Pinotage (PIN), Shiraz (SHI) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CAB), grafted on two rootstocks, Richter 110 (R110) and USVIT-8-7 (US87). The different scion:rootstock combinations were planted and maintained under well-watered conditions, a 50% reduction of irrigation, as well as no irrigation (dryland). Morphological, phenological, physiological and carpological measurements were gathered in addition to soil moisture measurements and environmental monitoring. Results indicated a strong negative vegetative response to the increased water constraint, especially in vines grafted on R110.  Moreover, all of the different scion:rootstock combinations reduced stomatal conductance to conserve water use under reduced irrigation conditions. Phenological progression and ripening monitoring indicated that vines advanced their phenology when they experience recurring water constraint. A lowering in total vine yield was observed in the dryland vines, though the difference was not as pronounced in the CAB combinations. A high degree of phenotypic plasticity was observed in most plant-level measurements. The data will be discussed from the perspective of evaluating adaptability to the stressors and to draw attention to the importance of experiments where the responses to water constraint are followed from planting onwards.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Reinhard Swart1*, Anke Berry1, Stenford Matsikidze1, Philip Young1, Anscha Zietsman,Talitha Venter, Carlos Poblete-Echeverria1­­, Melané A. Vivier1

1 South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa

Contact the author*

Keywords

adaptation, viticulture, dryland, water stress, phenology

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

The influence of pre-heatwave leaf removal on leaf physiology and berry development

Due to climate change, the occurrence of heatwaves and drought events is increasing, with significant impact on viticulture. Common ways to adapt viticulture to a changing climate include site selection, genotype selection, irrigation management and canopy management. The latter mentioned being for instance source-sink manipulations, such as leaf removal, with the aim to delay ripening.

Read More

Viticultural zoning applications at the detailed scale of a cooperative winery: terroirs in St­hilaire-d’Ozilhan (AOC Côtes-du-Rhône)

La maîtrise de la typicité du vin s’élabore au niveau local ou communal d’une exploitation viticole et/ou d’une cave, unité de vinification. La cave coopérative de Saint-Hilaire­-d’Ozilhan (AOC Côtes-du-Rhône), dont le territoire communal s’étend sur une superficie de 1 670 ha, couvre près de 310 ha cultivés en vigne. Elle réalise des vinifications «au terroir», en utilisant des regroupements d’unités de sol en 9 unités de terroir potentiellement viticoles, définies en s’appuyant sur la parenté des substrats. Diverses sélections d’une même unité peuvent aboutir aussi à des vins différents, ce qui suggère une hétérogénéité spatiale de certaines unités définies.

Read More

Water status modelling: impact of local rainfall variability in Burgundy (France)

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.19.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" text_orientation="center" custom_margin="65px||18px||false|false"...
Read More

Chenin Blanc Old Vine character: evaluating a typicality concept by data mining experts’ reviews and producers’ tasting notes

Concepts such as typicality are difficult to demonstrate using the limited set of samples that can be subjected to sensory evaluation. This is due both to the complexity of the concept and to the limitations of traditional sensory evaluation (number of samples per session, panel fatigue, the need for multiple sessions and methods, etc.). On the other hand, there is a large amount of data already available, accumulated through many years of consistent evaluation. These data are held in repositories (such as Platter’s Wine Guide in the case of South Africa Wine, wineonaplatter.com) and in technical notes provided by the producers.

Read More

Impact of soil-applied and foliar-applied nitrogen on grape and wine composition

Foliar application of urea may be an efficient way to alter grape and wine composition without increasing vine vigor. However, we know little about the impact of this practice on phenolic compounds and yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN). Adequate YAN is required for an efficient and complete fermentation, while phenolics are particularly important for the sensory profile of red wines. The goal of this study is to test the impact of foliar urea application at veraison, compared to the traditional soil-applied nitrogen fertilization early in the season, on Syrah berry and wine composition in field conditions.

Read More