terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Ugni blanc berry and wine composition impacted by thirteen rootstocks

Ugni blanc berry and wine composition impacted by thirteen rootstocks

Abstract

The Cognac region is expanding, driven by the success of its renowned brandy and the demand for high grape yields to ensure a steady supply of base wine for distillation. Ugni blanc, the most widely planted grape variety, relies on rootstocks for soil and climate adaptation, providing essential nutrient supplies to the scion. Understanding the impact of rootstocks on key berry components, such as sugars and nitrogen compounds, is crucial. These compounds serve as primary precursors for the production of fermentative aroma metabolites, which, in turn, act as quality indicators for eau-de-vie.

This study was conducted in 2021 in the GreffAdapt plot (55 rootstocks x 5 scions x 3 blocks) on cv. Ugni blanc (Marguerit et al. 2019). The effects of thirteen selected rootstocks were evaluated on various viticultural parameters as well as berry composition including detailed amino acid profiles at harvest and fermentative volatile contents of the corresponding wines, fermented under standardized conditions similar to Cognac base wine elaboration.

Among all the parameters measured, rootstock effects outweighed block effects, with significant variations in vigor observed. In 2021, low to no water deficit conditions were found. Significant differences between sugar and nitrogen compound levels in the must were observed between rootstocks with low sugar levels, typical for Cognac base wine production. Differences in amino acid concentrations and proportions were substantial leading to wine with distinct aroma profiles with 333EM and Evex13-5 having the highest concentration of higher alcohol acetate (> 3 mg/L) while RSB and Gravesac had the lowest (~ 2.8 mg/L). Although the connection between vine characteristics and wine volatiles was not apparent, aroma composition appeared linked to must composition, necessitating further investigation.

Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Experimental Viticultural Unit of Bordeaux 1442, INRAE, F- 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, for its contribution with the setting up of the GreffAdapt experimental vineyard.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Julia Gouot1,2,3*, Laura Farris1,2, Marine Morel4, Nicolas Le Menn1,2, Xavier Poitou3, Mathilde Boisseau3, Elisa Marguerit4, Jean-Christophe Barbe1,2

1Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
3R&D Department, JAS Hennessy & Co, Cognac, France
4EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

Amino acids, Aroma compounds, Ugni blanc, Rootstock, Yield

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Amyndeon‐naoussa: the two faces of Xinomavro

Xinomavro is the most important indigenous red wine variety grown in Northern Greece. It participates in the production of several PGI wines in Macedonia while from 100% Xinomavro the PDO “Amyndeon” and “Naoussa” are produced. The viticultural area of Amyndeon lies in a plateau of 550 ‐700 m of altitude, in a semi‐continental climate with mostly deep sandy loamy soils derived from limestone and marl bedrocks while in Naoussa, Xinomavro is grown in a Mediterranean climate on more heavy textured soils, sandy clay loam to clay, derived from ophiolithic, limestone and marl bedrocks, in an altitude which varies from 150 to 400 m. Different soil, climate and viticultural technique interactions, result in great variability with respect to morphological, ampelographical and physiological characters of Xinomavro as well as in the characteristics of the wines produced. 

Read More

Retallack Viticulture EcoVineyards video

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.19.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" text_orientation="center" custom_margin="65px||18px||false|false"...
Read More

Comparing vineyard irrigation management based in two different approaches: vegetation indices and SIMDualKc model

Water scarcity, high air temperatures, high vapor pressure deficit, and increasing frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events, namely heat waves, exert huge pressure on viticulture, as is the case of Mediterranean climates. Therefore, farmers rely more and more on irrigation to overcome these constraints. Deficit irrigation is a proved strategy to optimize irrigation efficiency and wine quality. The present study intends to demonstrate the application of precision techniques, namely remote sensing derived vegetation indices (VI) and an open source software, SIMDualKc, to compute crop evapotranspiration using the dual crop coefficient approach (Kcb + Ke), for deficit irrigation management.

Read More

Improvement of non-Saccharomyces yeast dominance during must fermentation by using spontaneous mutants resistant to SO2, EtOH and high pressure of CO2

AIM: A genetic study of four wine T. delbrueckii strains was done. Spore clones free of possible recessive growth‐retarding alleles with enhanced resistance to winemaking stressing conditions were obtained from these yeasts. METHODS: The genetic marker of resistance to cycloheximide (cyhR) allows easy monitoring of the new mutants obtained from these yeasts.

Read More

Diagnosis of soil quality and evaluation of the impact of viticultural practices on soil biodiversity in a Southwestern France vineyard

The soil plays a pivotal role in the agroecological transition processes, due to its numerous implications in production support, water regulation, air and nutrient supply, and its function of reservoir for the major part of planet biodiversity. Therefore, soil quality and adequate soil management are key levers for an ecologically and economically sustainable viticulture. Gascogn’Innov (2017-2022) is an Operational Group funded by the European Innovation Partnership for Agriculture. As such, it gathered winegrowers from the south-west of France (Gascony), scientists, advisors and technicians, around a project focused on the biological functioning of viticultural soil and the design of better-adapted technical paths for soil protection.

Read More