terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Ugni blanc berry and wine composition impacted by thirteen rootstocks

Ugni blanc berry and wine composition impacted by thirteen rootstocks

Abstract

The Cognac region is expanding, driven by the success of its renowned brandy and the demand for high grape yields to ensure a steady supply of base wine for distillation. Ugni blanc, the most widely planted grape variety, relies on rootstocks for soil and climate adaptation, providing essential nutrient supplies to the scion. Understanding the impact of rootstocks on key berry components, such as sugars and nitrogen compounds, is crucial. These compounds serve as primary precursors for the production of fermentative aroma metabolites, which, in turn, act as quality indicators for eau-de-vie.

This study was conducted in 2021 in the GreffAdapt plot (55 rootstocks x 5 scions x 3 blocks) on cv. Ugni blanc (Marguerit et al. 2019). The effects of thirteen selected rootstocks were evaluated on various viticultural parameters as well as berry composition including detailed amino acid profiles at harvest and fermentative volatile contents of the corresponding wines, fermented under standardized conditions similar to Cognac base wine elaboration.

Among all the parameters measured, rootstock effects outweighed block effects, with significant variations in vigor observed. In 2021, low to no water deficit conditions were found. Significant differences between sugar and nitrogen compound levels in the must were observed between rootstocks with low sugar levels, typical for Cognac base wine production. Differences in amino acid concentrations and proportions were substantial leading to wine with distinct aroma profiles with 333EM and Evex13-5 having the highest concentration of higher alcohol acetate (> 3 mg/L) while RSB and Gravesac had the lowest (~ 2.8 mg/L). Although the connection between vine characteristics and wine volatiles was not apparent, aroma composition appeared linked to must composition, necessitating further investigation.

Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Experimental Viticultural Unit of Bordeaux 1442, INRAE, F- 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, for its contribution with the setting up of the GreffAdapt experimental vineyard.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Julia Gouot1,2,3*, Laura Farris1,2, Marine Morel4, Nicolas Le Menn1,2, Xavier Poitou3, Mathilde Boisseau3, Elisa Marguerit4, Jean-Christophe Barbe1,2

1Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Bordeaux INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, F-33170 Gradignan, France
3R&D Department, JAS Hennessy & Co, Cognac, France
4EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

Amino acids, Aroma compounds, Ugni blanc, Rootstock, Yield

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Yeast interactions in chardonnay wine fermentation: impact of different yeast species using ultra high resolution mass spectrometry

During alcoholic fermentation, when yeasts grow simultaneously, they often do not coexist passively and in most cases interact with each others

Read More

The key role of vineyard parcel in modifying flavor compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes

To produce premium wines in a specific region is the goal of local oenologists. This study aimed to investigate the influence of soil properties on the flavoromics of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to provide a better insight into single-vineyard wines. Six commercial Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards were selected in the Manas region to collect berries at three harvest ripeness in three seasons (2019–2021). The six vineyards had little difference in mesoclimate conditions while varying greatly in soil composition.

Read More

INSIGHTS ON THE ROLE OF GENES ON AROMA FORMATION OF WINES

Yeast secondary metabolism is a complex network of biochemical pathways and the genetic profile of the yeast carrying out the alcoholic fermentation is obviously important in the formation of the metabolites conferring specific odors to wine. The aim of the present research was to investigate the relative expression of genes involved in flavor compound production in eight different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.
Two commercial yeast strains Sc1 (S.cerevisiae x S.bayanus) and Sc2 (S.cerevisiae) and six indigenous S. cerevisiae strains (Sc3, Sc4, Sc5, Sc6, Sc7, Sc8) isolated during spontaneous fermentations were inoculated in Assyrtiko and Vidiano grape must.

Read More

First insights on the intra-species diversity in V. berlandieri: environmental adaptation and agronomic performances when used as rootstock

In grafted plants, such as grapevine, increasing the diversity of rootstocks available to growers is an ideal strategy to get adaptation to climate change. The rootstocks used for grapevine are hybrids of various American Vitis, including V. berlandieri. The rootstocks currently used in vineyards are derived from breeding programs involving very small numbers of parental individuals.

Read More

Discrimination of white wines by Raman spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods

France is the largest exporter of wine in the world. The export turnover is estimated at 8.7 billion euros in 2017 for 13 million hectoliters sold. This lucrative business pushes scammers to increase the value of some low-end wines by cheating on their appellations, quality or even their origins. These facts lead to losing 1.3 billion euros each year to the European Union’s wine and spirits companies.

Read More