terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Rootstock influence on xylem embolized vulnerability and scion behavior under severe water deficit

Rootstock influence on xylem embolized vulnerability and scion behavior under severe water deficit

Abstract

Severe water stress events can induce cavitation damage by xylem embolism in grapevine, diminishing plant hydraulic conductance. This work aimed to determine the rootstock effects on 1) xylem embolism vulnerability to understand its function failure under severe drought, including segmentation processes from leaf to root; and 2) hydraulic conductance across water deficit and its recovery. For this purpose, two complementary experiments were performed in one-year-old Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo grafted onto two different rootstocks (110-Richter and SO4) under well-watered 12L pot conditions. In experiment 1, the water-stress induced xylem embolism was monitored in leaves and stems, above and below grafting-point, by using “Cavicam” for determining the percentage of embolized vessels (at P12, P50 and P88). In experiment 2, analogue plants were submitted to a progressive water deficit while assessing vine water status and physiological behavior. In addition, the anatomical characteristics of leaf and stem xylem tissues were analyzed. Results of experiment 1 revealed that the embolism process started from the leaf to the root, showing hydraulic segmentation. Significant differences were found in the ψ at different P stages in the two combinations. However, neither significant rootstock effects were found on any of the parameters derived from pressure-volume curves, nor on hydraulic segmentation. Nevertheless, hydraulic segmentation seems to be correlated with the size of xylem diameter. In experiment 2, rootstock xylem anatomy was found to be related the scion behavior, influencing plant hydraulic conductivity and net photosynthesis in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

José M. Escalona1,2*, Luis Flor1,2, Guillermo Toro4, Antoni Sabater2, Marc Carriquí1,3 Hipólito Medrano1,2 and Ignacio Buesa5

1 Research Group of Plant Biology under Mediterranean conditions. University of Balearic Islands (PlantMed)
2 Agro-Environmental Sciences and Water Economics Institute. University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB)
3 Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA), CSIC, Carretera de La Coruña km. 7.7. 28040 Madrid, España.
4 Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF). Las Parcelas 882, Rancagua, Chile
5 Centor de investigaciones sobre desertificación (CIDE-CSIC-UV-GVA). Moncada, Valencia, España

Contact the author*

Keywords

Cavitation, xylem vessels, gas exchange, drought, recovery

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Nutrients and heavy metals in a vineyard soil under organic, biodynamic and conventional management

Promoting sustainable agricultural practices is one of the challenges of the last decades. Organic and biodynamic viticulture can be an alternative to intensive viticulture, furthermore contributing to reduction of impact on environment and human health and guaranteeing soil preservation and quality products1. The aim of this experimentation was to evaluate the medium and long-term effects of different agronomic practices in viticulture on nutrient availability and heavy metal accumulation in soil.

Read More

Irrigation and terroir: two opposite concepts? Point of view of international experts and french consumers

At long term, qualitative irrigation seems to be the most systematic, if not the best, cultural practice for dealing with climate change and yield increases without decrease grape quality.

Read More

Pacific Northwest wine regions and climates

This paper presents a review of wine regions in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of North America. The PNW consists of the states of Oregon, Washington and Idaho and the province of British Columbia.

Read More

Multi-trait selection in ancient grapevine varieties

The selection of ancient grapevine varieties aims to achieve genetic gains in several important traits that can make the variety more interesting for the objectives of the producers. Traditionally, yield and quality traits of the must have been considered for selection, but many others can be taken into account. Linear mixed models are fitted to the data to predict the empirical best linear unbiased predictors (EBLUPs) of genotypic effects for each evaluated trait, which will be the basis for selection.

Read More

Chitosan treatment to manage grapevine downy mildew

Downy mildew is one of the most important grapevine diseases, caused by the Oomycete Plasmopara viticola. The management of the disease in organic agriculture can require up to 15 copper applications per year. However, copper accumulates in the soil, is phytotoxic and is toxic for organisms living in the soil, its use has been restricted in European Union to maximum 28 kg in 7 years. Therefore, testing of alternatives with equal effectiveness is desirable. Among those, the natural biopolymer chitosan, obtained from crab shells, proved to be effective toward downy mildew in plot experiments. The aim of our trials was to extend chitosan applications in large scale experiments in different years, cultivars and environmental conditions.

Read More